Whalen Olivia M, Karayanidis Frini, Murphy Vanessa E, Lane Alison E, Mallise Carly A, Campbell Linda E
a School of Psychology , University of Newcastle , Callaghan , NSW , Australia.
d Priority Research Centre GrowUp Well , University of Newcastle , Callaghan , NSW , Australia.
J Asthma. 2019 Feb;56(2):130-141. doi: 10.1080/02770903.2018.1437174. Epub 2018 Feb 26.
Maternal asthma during pregnancy is associated with a higher risk of negative perinatal outcomes. However, little is known about the direct effects of maternal asthma on infant cognitive development. We examined the evidence for an impact of maternal asthma during pregnancy on cognitive and behavioral development of the child.
We conducted a MEDLINE, PsychINFO, and manual search of the databases for all available studies until January 9th, 2018.
Studies were deemed relevant if they included child cognitive and behavioral development as the outcome, with maternal asthma as the determinant of interest.
Ten articles matched selection criteria. Some studies report that maternal asthma is associated with increased risk for autism and intellectual disability in children. However, these effects are small and are often eliminated when controlling for confounding variables. Other studies have found no association. The only prospective study found that well-managed asthma during pregnancy was not associated with negative developmental outcomes in children.
The evidence suggests that the relationship between maternal asthma during pregnancy and poor developmental and behavioral outcomes of children is weak. Children of mothers with well-managed asthma during pregnancy have similar developmental trajectories to those born to healthy mothers. Prospective, longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these conclusions. Optimal asthma management is important in pregnancy as it may have longer term benefits for the health of the offspring. As the rate of asthma increases in the population, the implications of maternal asthma on child development will be of greater importance.
孕期母亲患哮喘与围产期不良结局风险较高相关。然而，关于母亲哮喘对婴儿认知发育的直接影响知之甚少。我们研究了孕期母亲哮喘对儿童认知和行为发育产生影响的证据。
我们对MEDLINE、PsychINFO数据库进行了检索，并人工搜索了所有可用研究，截至2018年1月9日。
如果研究将儿童认知和行为发育作为结局，且将母亲哮喘作为感兴趣的决定因素，则认为这些研究相关。
十篇文章符合选择标准。一些研究报告称，母亲哮喘与儿童患自闭症和智力残疾的风险增加有关。然而，这些影响较小，在控制混杂变量后通常会消除。其他研究未发现关联。唯一的前瞻性研究发现，孕期哮喘得到良好控制与儿童不良发育结局无关。
证据表明，孕期母亲哮喘与儿童不良发育和行为结局之间的关系较弱。孕期哮喘得到良好控制的母亲所生子女的发育轨迹与健康母亲所生子女相似。需要进行前瞻性纵向研究来证实这些结论。孕期优化哮喘管理很重要，因为这可能对后代健康有长期益处。随着人群中哮喘发病率的上升，母亲哮喘对儿童发育的影响将变得更加重要。
