Ingibjorg Gunnarsdottir, Unit for Nutrition Research, Landspitali-The National University Hospital of Iceland and Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Health Sciences, University of Iceland, Eiriksgata 29, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland,
J Nutr Health Aging. 2018;22(3):354-360. doi: 10.1007/s12603-017-0929-9.
Deficits in n-3 fatty acids may be associated with depression. However, data are scarce from older adults who are at greater risk of poor dietary intake and of developing depression.
To investigate proportion of plasma phospholipid fatty acids with respect to depressive symptoms and major depressive disorder in community dwelling older adults.
Cross-sectional analyses of 1571 participants in the Age, Gene/Environment Susceptibility (AGES)-Reykjavik Study aged 67-93 years. Depressive symptoms were measured using the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS-15). Major depressive disorder was assessed according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) criteria using the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI).
Depressive symptoms were observed in 195 (12.4%) subjects and there were 27 (1.7%) cases of major depressive disorder. Participants with depressive symptoms were less educated, more likely to be smokers, less physically active and consumed cod liver oil less frequently. Difference in GDS-15 scores by tertiles of n-3 fatty acid proportion was not significant. Proportion of long chain n-3 fatty acids (Eicosapentaenoic- + Docosahexaenoic acid) were inversely related to major depressive disorder, (tertile 2 vs. tertile 1) OR: 0.31 (95% CI: 0.11, 0.86); tertile 3 vs. tertile 1, OR: 0.45 (95% CI: 0.17, 1.21).
In our cross sectional analyses low proportions of long chain n-3 fatty acids in plasma phospholipids appear to be associated with increased risk of major depressive disorder. However, the results from this study warrant further investigation in prospective setting with sufficiently long follow-up.
n-3 脂肪酸缺乏可能与抑郁有关。然而，在饮食摄入不良和易患抑郁症风险较高的老年人中，相关数据很少。
调查社区居住的老年人中与抑郁症状和重度抑郁症相关的血浆磷脂脂肪酸比例。
对年龄、基因/环境易感性（AGES）-雷克雅未克研究中的 1571 名 67-93 岁的参与者进行横断面分析。使用 15 项老年抑郁量表（GDS-15）测量抑郁症状。根据《精神障碍诊断与统计手册》（DSM-IV）标准，使用 Mini-国际神经精神访谈（MINI）评估重度抑郁症。
195 名（12.4%）参与者出现抑郁症状，27 名（1.7%）出现重度抑郁症。有抑郁症状的参与者受教育程度较低，更有可能吸烟，身体活动较少，鱼肝油的食用频率也较低。根据 n-3 脂肪酸比例的三分位分组，GDS-15 评分的差异没有统计学意义。长链 n-3 脂肪酸（二十碳五烯酸+二十二碳六烯酸）的比例与重度抑郁症呈负相关，（三分位 2 与三分位 1 相比）OR：0.31（95%CI：0.11，0.86）；三分位 3 与三分位 1 相比，OR：0.45（95%CI：0.17，1.21）。
在我们的横断面分析中，血浆磷脂中长链 n-3 脂肪酸的低比例似乎与重度抑郁症的风险增加有关。然而，这项研究的结果需要在有足够长时间随访的前瞻性研究中进一步证实。
