Thomas Roger E, Zamanpour Kamran
a Faculty of Medicine , Department of Family Medicine, University of Calgary , Calgary , Canada.
Phys Sportsmed. 2018 May;46(2):168-196. doi: 10.1080/00913847.2018.1445406. Epub 2018 Mar 9.
To identify all studies of injuries in wrestling, assess risk of bias and compute weighted average injury rates.
17 online databases and nine grey literature resources were searched with no language/date limitations. Abstracts were assessed for inclusion and data abstracted independently by two reviewers.
Eleven studies of competitions, 27 databases, four surveys (699 wrestlers) and seventeen case reports (604 cases) were included. Studies provided varying completeness of data. Weighted average injury rates of 16.3/1000AE (AE = Athletic encounter) could be computed for 8/11 studies of competitions and 69.5/1000AE for 5/27 databases. Eleven of the databases focused on specific injuries. Weighted average injury rates by location for 8/11 competition studies and 7/16 databases were similar for the upper extremities (competitions 26%, databases 24%) and torso (15%, 12%), but dissimilar for head/neck (31%, 20%) and lower extremities (24%, 39%). Weighted average injury rates by injury type varied from 6/11 to 2/11 competition studies and 6/16 to 3/16 database studies. Percentages were similar for fractures (6%, 7%), dislocations/subluxations (6%, 6%), ligament tears/cartilage injuries (12%, 17%) and concussions/1000AE (2 competition studies, 1 database) in competitions (25%, 27%) and training (5.7%, 7.1%). Percentages were dissimilar for lacerations/abrasions/contusions (23%, 4%) and sprains/strains (38%, 26%). The differences may be due to the small number of databases providing specific data and the unknown proportion of training injuries. Databases extrapolating injuries to the national US level reported high annual numbers.
Average injury rates weighted by sample size are 16.3/1000AE for 8/11 competition studies and 69.5/1000AE for 5/27 databases. Competition data are likely to be accurate because they were observed by physicians, trainers and referees and the completeness and accuracy of database studies vary. Databases which extrapolated data to provide annual national rates estimated large numbers. Few studies provided data about the situations in which injuries occur and the causes of injuries.
识别所有关于摔跤运动损伤的研究，评估偏倚风险并计算加权平均损伤率。
检索了17个在线数据库和9个灰色文献资源，无语言/日期限制。两名评审员独立评估摘要是否纳入研究并提取数据。
纳入了11项关于比赛的研究、27个数据库、4项调查（699名摔跤运动员）和17例病例报告（604例病例）。各项研究提供的数据完整性各不相同。对于11项比赛研究中的8项，可计算出加权平均损伤率为16.3/1000次运动接触（AE）；对于27个数据库中的5个，加权平均损伤率为69.5/1000次运动接触。其中11个数据库聚焦于特定损伤。在8项比赛研究中的7项以及16个数据库中的7个里，按身体部位划分的加权平均损伤率在上肢（比赛为26%，数据库为24%）和躯干（分别为15%、12%）方面相似，但在头/颈部（分别为31%、20%）和下肢（分别为24%、39%）方面有所不同。按损伤类型划分的加权平均损伤率在比赛研究中从6/11到2/11不等，在数据库研究中从6/16到3/16不等。比赛和训练中骨折（分别为6%、7%）、脱位/半脱位（分别为6%、6%）、韧带撕裂/软骨损伤（分别为12%、17%）以及脑震荡/1000次运动接触（2项比赛研究，1个数据库）的百分比相似（分别为25%、27%）。而撕裂伤/擦伤/挫伤（分别为23%、4%）和扭伤/拉伤（分别为38%、26%）的百分比则不同。这些差异可能是由于提供特定数据的数据库数量较少以及训练损伤的比例未知所致。将损伤情况外推至美国全国水平的数据库报告的年度数字较高。
按样本量加权的平均损伤率在11项比赛研究中的8项为16.3/1000次运动接触，在27个数据库中的5个为69.5/1000次运动接触。比赛数据可能较为准确，因为它们是由医生、教练和裁判观察到的，且数据库研究的完整性和准确性各不相同。将数据外推以提供年度全国发生率的数据库估计的数字较大。很少有研究提供关于损伤发生情况和损伤原因的数据。
