Black Katherine Elizabeth, Black Alistair David, Baker Dane Frances
1 University of Otago.
2 Leeds Beckett University.
Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab. 2018 Nov 1;28(6):664-673. doi: 10.1123/ijsnem.2017-0400. Epub 2018 Aug 1.
Rugby is a worldwide intermittent team sport. Players tend to be heavier than the majority of similar team sport athletes on whom the dietary guidelines have been developed. Therefore, the aim of the current review was to describe the intakes of rugby union players. Article databases were searched up to February 2017 and were included if they were published in English and reported dietary intakes of male rugby union players. Of the research articles identified, energy intakes were lower than two of three studies that reported intakes and expenditure, which would suggest the players were losing weight that is somewhat supported by the decreases in skinfolds seen during preseason. However, it should also be noted that there are errors in both the measurement of energy intakes and expenditure. Carbohydrate intakes ranged from 2.6 to 6.5 g·kg·day, which is lower than the current relative to body mass recommendations; however, this would not be classed as a low-carbohydrate diet. The consistently low intakes of carbohydrate suggest that these intake levels maybe sufficient for performance, given the players greater body mass or there are errors in the measurements. However, there is currently no evidence for the carbohydrate needs of rugby union players in terms of performance. The lower intakes than expenditure would suggest the players were losing weight. Previous research shows that rugby union players lose body fat during preseason training.
橄榄球是一项全球性的间歇性团体运动。与制定了饮食指南的大多数类似团体运动运动员相比，橄榄球运动员往往体重更重。因此，本综述的目的是描述英式橄榄球联盟球员的饮食摄入量。检索了截至2017年2月的文章数据库，纳入标准为用英文发表且报告了男性英式橄榄球联盟球员饮食摄入量的研究。在所确定的研究文章中，有两项研究报告了能量摄入量和消耗量，其中能量摄入量低于这两项研究，这表明球员们体重在下降，季前赛期间皮褶厚度的减少在一定程度上支持了这一点。然而，还应注意的是，能量摄入量和消耗量的测量都存在误差。碳水化合物摄入量范围为2.6至6.5克·千克·天，低于目前相对于体重的建议摄入量；然而，这不能归类为低碳水化合物饮食。碳水化合物摄入量持续较低表明，鉴于球员体重较大，这些摄入量水平可能足以满足运动表现需求，或者测量存在误差。然而，目前尚无证据表明英式橄榄球联盟球员在运动表现方面对碳水化合物的需求情况。摄入量低于消耗量表明球员体重在下降。先前的研究表明，英式橄榄球联盟球员在季前训练期间会减少体脂。
