Ross Robert S, Smolen Andrew, Curran Tim, Nyhus Erika
Neuroscience and Behavior Program, Department of Psychology, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, United States.
Institute for Behavioral Genetics, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States.
Front Hum Neurosci. 2018 Feb 13;12:53. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2018.00053. eCollection 2018.
A critical problem for developing personalized treatment plans for cognitive disruptions is the lack of understanding how individual differences influence cognition. Recognition memory is one cognitive ability that varies from person to person and that variation may be related to different genetic phenotypes. One gene that may impact recognition memory is the monoamine oxidase A gene (), which influences the transcription rate of MAO-A. Examination of how phenotypes impact behavioral and event-related potentials (ERPs) correlates of recognition memory may help explain individual differences in recognition memory performance. Therefore, the current study uses electroencephalography (EEG) in combination with genetic phenotyping of the gene to determine how well-characterized ERP components of recognition memory, the early frontal old/new effect, left parietal old/new effect, late frontal old/new effect, and the late posterior negativity (LPN) are impacted by phenotype during item and source memory. Our results show that individuals with the phenotype leading to increased transcription have lower response sensitivity during both item and source memory. Additionally, during item memory the left parietal old/new effect is not present due to increased ERP amplitude for correct rejections. The results suggest that phenotype changes EEG correlates of recognition memory and influences how well individuals differentiate between old and new items.
为认知障碍制定个性化治疗方案的一个关键问题是缺乏对个体差异如何影响认知的理解。识别记忆是一种因人而异的认知能力，这种差异可能与不同的基因表型有关。一个可能影响识别记忆的基因是单胺氧化酶A基因（），它影响MAO - A的转录速率。研究基因表型如何影响识别记忆的行为和事件相关电位（ERP）相关性，可能有助于解释识别记忆表现的个体差异。因此，本研究结合脑电图（EEG）和该基因的基因分型，以确定在项目和来源记忆过程中，识别记忆的特征明确的ERP成分，即早期额叶新旧效应、左顶叶新旧效应、晚期额叶新旧效应和晚期后负波（LPN），如何受到基因表型的影响。我们的结果表明，具有导致转录增加的基因表型的个体在项目和来源记忆中反应敏感性较低。此外，在项目记忆中，由于正确拒绝时ERP波幅增加，左顶叶新旧效应不存在。结果表明，基因表型改变了识别记忆的EEG相关性，并影响个体区分新旧项目的能力。
