Integrative Complementary Alternative Medicine Research Center in Research Institute for Human High Performance and Health Promotion, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2020 Jun 27;2020:6123759. doi: 10.1155/2020/6123759. eCollection 2020.
Currently, cognitive enhancers are considered necessary because they play a critical role in daily and social behaviors. The cognitive-enhancing effect of mulberry milk has gained attention due to the cognitive-enhancing effect of this anthocyanin-rich substance and the cognitive-enhancing effect of mulberry fruit in animal models. However, the effect of anthocyanin-rich mulberry milk in clinical trials especially in children is still unknown. This study was a randomized double-blind crossover intervention. A total of forty-six healthy, normal, cognitive subjects aged 6-12 years old were provided mulberry milk (containing mulberry 10 g) or placebo milk (50 mL). Attention and cognitive function were assessed using the auditory odd ball paradigm of event-related potential, whereas working memory was assessed using a computerized battery test. The assessment was performed at baseline and then at 1.5 and 3 hours postdosing. At the end of study period, the activities of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and monoamine oxidase (MAO) together with that of saliva cortisol were determined. Following mulberry milk intervention, the decreased N100 latency and the increased P300 amplitude were increased both at 1.5 and 3 hours after dosing. The decreased response time of digit updating was observed both at 1.5 and 3 hours after dosing, whereas the decreased response time of picture updating was observed at 3 hours after dosing. In addition, the reduction of saliva cortisol was also observed at both periods. The improvement of attention and cognitive processing capabilities together with the working memory suggests the cognitive-enhancing potential of mulberry milk for school-age children. The possible underlying mechanism may be associated partly with the reduction of cortisol, a stress hormone.
目前，认知增强剂被认为是必要的，因为它们在日常和社交行为中起着关键作用。由于这种富含花青素的物质以及桑果在动物模型中的认知增强作用，桑果牛奶具有认知增强作用，引起了人们的关注。然而，富含花青素的桑果牛奶在临床试验中的效果，特别是在儿童中的效果，仍然未知。本研究是一项随机双盲交叉干预研究。共有 46 名健康、正常、认知的 6-12 岁儿童受试者分别给予桑果牛奶（含桑果 10g）或安慰剂牛奶（50ml）。采用事件相关电位听觉Oddball 范式评估注意力和认知功能，采用计算机化电池测试评估工作记忆。在基线和给药后 1.5 小时和 3 小时进行评估。在研究期末，测定乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE）和单胺氧化酶（MAO）的活性以及唾液皮质醇的活性。给予桑果牛奶干预后，N100 潜伏期缩短，P300 振幅增加，在给药后 1.5 小时和 3 小时均有增加。给药后 1.5 小时和 3 小时，数字更新的反应时间均缩短，而图片更新的反应时间仅在给药后 3 小时缩短。此外，唾液皮质醇也在两个时间段均有降低。注意力和认知加工能力以及工作记忆的改善表明桑果牛奶对学龄儿童具有认知增强作用。其可能的潜在机制部分与应激激素皮质醇的降低有关。
