Yu Haining, Li Ran, Huang Haiyong, Yao Ru, Shen Shengrong
College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310032, China.
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
Lipids. 2018 Jan;53(1):77-84. doi: 10.1002/lipd.12005.
Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) such as acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid are produced by fermentation by gut microbiota. In this paper, we investigate the effects of SCFA on 3T3-L1 cells and the underlying molecular mechanisms. The cells were treated with acetic acid, propionic acid, or butyric acid when cells were induced to differentiate into adipocytes. MTT assay was employed to detect the viability of 3T3-L1 cells. Oil Red O staining was used to visualize the lipid content in 3T3-L1 cells. A triglyceride assay kit was used to detect the triacylglycerol content in 3T3-L1 cells. qRT-PCR and Western blot were used to evaluate the expression of metabolic enzymes. MTT results showed that safe concentrations of acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid were less than 6.4, 3.2, and 0.8 mM, respectively. Oil Red O staining and triacylglycerols detection results showed that treatment with acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid accelerated the 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation. qRT-PCR and Western blot results showed that the expressions of lipoprotein lipase (LPL), adipocyte fatty acid binding protein 4 (FABP4), fatty acid transporter protein 4 (FATP4), and fatty acid synthase (FAS) were significantly increased by acetic acid, propionic acid, and butyric acid treatment during adipose differentiation (p < 0.05). In conclusion, SCFA promoted lipid accumulation by modulating the expression of enzymes of fatty acid metabolism.
短链脂肪酸（SCFA），如乙酸、丙酸和丁酸，是由肠道微生物群发酵产生的。在本文中，我们研究了短链脂肪酸对3T3-L1细胞的影响及其潜在的分子机制。当细胞被诱导分化为脂肪细胞时，用乙酸、丙酸或丁酸处理细胞。采用MTT法检测3T3-L1细胞的活力。用油红O染色观察3T3-L1细胞中的脂质含量。使用甘油三酯检测试剂盒检测3T3-L1细胞中的甘油三酯含量。采用qRT-PCR和蛋白质免疫印迹法评估代谢酶的表达。MTT结果表明，乙酸、丙酸和丁酸的安全浓度分别低于6.4 mM、3.2 mM和0.8 mM。油红O染色和甘油三酯检测结果表明，乙酸、丙酸和丁酸处理加速了3T3-L1脂肪细胞的分化。qRT-PCR和蛋白质免疫印迹结果表明，在脂肪分化过程中，乙酸、丙酸和丁酸处理显著增加了脂蛋白脂肪酶（LPL）、脂肪细胞脂肪酸结合蛋白4（FABP4）、脂肪酸转运蛋白4（FATP4）和脂肪酸合酶（FAS）的表达（p<0.05）。总之，短链脂肪酸通过调节脂肪酸代谢酶的表达促进脂质积累。
