Devereux R B, Liebson P R, Horan M J
Hypertension. 1987 Feb;9(2 Pt 2):II97-104. doi: 10.1161/01.hyp.9.2_pt_2.ii97.
Use of echocardiography to quantify left ventricular structure and function requires standardization of recording conditions and techniques, accurate machine calibration, and definition of requirements for measurable images. Measurement of left ventricular muscle mass should use M-mode, two-dimensional, or three-dimensional echocardiographic methods that have been anatomically validated to maximize accuracy and comparability of results among studies. Body size and sex influence ventricular muscle mass sufficiently to be taken into account for clinical and research purposes, while age and physical activity are of less certain importance. Echocardiographic studies have clarified the prevalence of left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertensive patients and the effect of blood pressure during normal activity on left ventricular muscle mass, and they have provided data suggesting that left ventricular hypertrophy is a major cardiac risk factor in hypertensive and general populations. Further research is needed to obtain definitive results in these areas, to track the hitherto elusive transition from functionally compensated cardiac hypertrophy to congestive heart failure, and to determine the degree and selectivity of beneficial cardiac effects of antihypertensive treatment. Three-dimensional echocardiographic reconstruction and Doppler measurement of intracardiac blood flow and systemic hemodynamics are likely to extend the usefulness of echocardiography for hypertension and general population research.
使用超声心动图来量化左心室结构和功能需要记录条件和技术的标准化、机器的精确校准以及可测量图像要求的定义。左心室肌肉质量的测量应采用已通过解剖学验证的M型、二维或三维超声心动图方法，以最大限度地提高研究结果之间的准确性和可比性。体型和性别对心室肌肉质量有足够的影响，在临床和研究中应予以考虑，而年龄和体力活动的重要性尚不确定。超声心动图研究已经明确了高血压患者左心室肥厚的患病率以及正常活动期间血压对左心室肌肉质量的影响，并且提供了数据表明左心室肥厚是高血压和普通人群中的主要心脏危险因素。需要进一步研究以在这些领域获得明确结果，追踪迄今难以捉摸的从功能代偿性心脏肥厚到充血性心力衰竭的转变，并确定降压治疗对心脏有益作用的程度和选择性。三维超声心动图重建以及心内血流和全身血流动力学的多普勒测量可能会扩展超声心动图在高血压和普通人群研究中的用途。
