Department of Biochemistry, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.
Cell Death Dis. 2018 Feb 28;9(3):332. doi: 10.1038/s41419-017-0105-5.
Sites of close contact between mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are known as mitochondria-associated membranes (MAM) or mitochondria-ER contacts (MERCs), and play an important role in both cell physiology and pathology. A growing body of evidence indicates that changes observed in the molecular composition of MAM and in the number of MERCs predisposes MAM to be considered a dynamic structure. Its involvement in processes such as lipid biosynthesis and trafficking, calcium homeostasis, reactive oxygen species production, and autophagy has been experimentally confirmed. Recently, MAM have also been studied in the context of different pathologies, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, type 2 diabetes mellitus and GM1-gangliosidosis. An underappreciated amount of data links MAM with aging or senescence processes. In the present review, we summarize the current knowledge of basic MAM biology, composition and action, and discuss the potential connections supporting the idea that MAM are significant players in longevity.
线粒体和内质网（ER）之间的紧密接触部位被称为线粒体相关膜（MAM）或线粒体-ER 接触（MERCs），它们在细胞生理学和病理学中都起着重要作用。越来越多的证据表明，MAM 的分子组成和 MERCs 的数量的变化使 MAM 被认为是一种动态结构。实验已经证实了它在脂质生物合成和运输、钙稳态、活性氧物质产生和自噬等过程中的作用。最近，MAM 也在包括阿尔茨海默病、帕金森病、肌萎缩侧索硬化症、2 型糖尿病和 GM1-神经节苷脂病等不同病理学中进行了研究。有大量未被充分认识的数据将 MAM 与衰老或衰老过程联系起来。在本综述中，我们总结了基本的 MAM 生物学、组成和作用的现有知识，并讨论了支持 MAM 是长寿的重要参与者这一观点的潜在联系。
