Haghnegahdar Abdolaziz, Khojastepour Leila, Naderi Atefe
Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Postgraduate Student, Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
J Dent (Shiraz). 2018 Mar;19(1):41-47.
Ignoring anatomic variations may lead to iatrogenic injuries by surgeons.
The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between the course of infraorbital canal and maxillary sinus using cone beam computed tomography scans (CBCT).
One hundred and ninety two CBCT scans were reviewed for 384 infraorbital canals. The anatomic variants of infraorbital canals were classified into three types based on the protrusion degree of the infraorbital nerve from the maxillary roof into the sinus. Measurements were made on infraorbital canal as vertical distance from the infraorbital rim to the infraorbital foramen, the maximum horizontal distance from the infraorbital canal to the canine root, the maximum diagonal length of the nerve protruded in sinus, the maximum vertical distance from the center of the nerve to the sinus roof.
26.5% of infraorbital canals were entirely contained within the sinus roof. 50.3% of infraorbital canals were located below the roof but remaining juxtaposed to it. In 23.2%, the nerve canal descended into the sinus. The prevalence of type3 of infraorbital canal significantly increased from 14.8% in cases without an ipsilateral Haller cell to 29.1% when a Haller cell was present. The average distance between the infraorbital foramen and the infraorbital rim were increased proportionally to the degree of protrusion of the nerve course into the maxillary sinus (ANOVA < 0.001).
The infraorbital canal protrusion into the sinus is a common variation that must be considered during surgical procedures to avoid iatrogenic injury.
忽视解剖变异可能导致外科医生造成医源性损伤。
本研究的目的是使用锥形束计算机断层扫描（CBCT）检查眶下管走行与上颌窦之间的关系。
回顾了192例CBCT扫描，涉及384个眶下管。根据眶下神经从上颌窦顶突入窦内的程度，将眶下管的解剖变异分为三种类型。对眶下管进行测量，包括从眶下缘到眶下孔的垂直距离、从眶下管到犬牙根的最大水平距离、神经在窦内突出的最大对角线长度、从神经中心到窦顶的最大垂直距离。
26.5%的眶下管完全包含在窦顶内。50.3%的眶下管位于窦顶下方但与之相邻。23.2%的眶下管神经降入窦内。眶下管3型的发生率在无同侧Haller气房的病例中为14.8%，当存在Haller气房时显著增加至29.1%。眶下孔与眶下缘之间的平均距离与神经走行突入上颌窦的程度成正比增加（方差分析<0.001）。
眶下管突入窦内是一种常见变异，在手术过程中必须予以考虑以避免医源性损伤。
