Pohl Janet S, Cochrane Barbara B, Schepp Karen G, Woods Nancy F
Res Gerontol Nurs. 2018 Mar 1;11(2):61-70. doi: 10.3928/19404921-20180216-02. Epub 2018 Mar 2.
A longitudinal secondary analysis of 2 years of data from the National Health and Aging Trends Study was undertaken to determine the extent to which social isolation predicts falls in older adults. Social isolation during Year 1 (baseline) was operationalized as a multiple-indicator measure based on Social Network Index participation domains. Falling during the previous year was self-reported using Year 2 data. Logistic regression models revealed social isolation significantly predicted falls (odds ratio [OR] = 1.11; 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.05, 1.17]). The relationship remained significant after adjusting for age, gender, and education (OR = 1.08; 95% CI [1.02, 1.14]). The relationship weakened after adjusting for self-reported general health, depression risk, and worry about falling (OR = 1.02; 95% CI [0.96, 1.08]). Adjusting for Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), assistive mobility device, and activities of daily living further weakened the relationship (OR = 0.99; 95% CI [0.94, 1.04]). SPPB demonstrated the strongest correlation with social isolation (r = -0.42; p < 0.01). Fall prevention intervention studies specifically targeting social isolation may incorporate physical performance as a shorter-term and cost-effective proxy outcome for falls. [Res Gerontol Nurs. 2018; 11(2):61-70.].
对来自美国国家健康与老龄化趋势研究的两年数据进行了纵向二次分析，以确定社会隔离在多大程度上可预测老年人跌倒。第一年（基线）的社会隔离通过基于社交网络指数参与领域的多指标测量来操作化。使用第二年的数据自我报告上一年的跌倒情况。逻辑回归模型显示，社会隔离显著预测跌倒（比值比[OR]=1.11；95%置信区间[CI][1.05,1.17]）。在调整年龄、性别和教育程度后，这种关系仍然显著（OR=1.08；95%CI[1.02,1.14]）。在调整自我报告的总体健康状况、抑郁风险和跌倒担忧后，这种关系减弱（OR=1.02；95%CI[0.96,1.08]）。调整简短身体机能测试（SPPB）、辅助移动设备和日常生活活动后，这种关系进一步减弱（OR=0.99；95%CI[0.94,1.04]）。SPPB与社会隔离的相关性最强（r=-0.42；p<0.01）。专门针对社会隔离的跌倒预防干预研究可能将身体机能作为跌倒的短期且具成本效益的替代结果纳入其中。[《老年护理研究》。2018年；11(2):61 - 70。]
