Er Nilay, Alkan Alper, Ilday Serim, Bengu Erman
1 Faculty of Dentistry Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Trakya University Edirne, Turkey.
2 Faculty of Dentistry Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Bezmialem University, Istanbul, Turkey.
J Oral Implantol. 2018 Jun;44(3):168-175. doi: 10.1563/aaid-joi-D-16-00114. Epub 2018 Mar 2.
The dental implant drilling procedure is an essential step for implant surgery, and frictional heat in bone during drilling is a key factor affecting the success of an implant. The aim of this study was to increase the dental implant drill lifetime and performance by using heat- and wear-resistant protective coatings to decrease the alveolar bone temperature caused by the dental implant drilling procedure. Commercially obtained stainless steel drills were coated with titanium aluminum nitride, diamond-like carbon, titanium boron nitride, and boron nitride coatings via magnetron-sputter deposition. Drilling was performed on bovine femoral cortical bone under the conditions mimicking clinical practice. Tests were performed under water-assisted cooling and under the conditions when no cooling was applied. Coated drill performances and durabilities were compared with those of three commonly used commercial drills with surfaces made from zirconia, black diamond. and stainless steel. Protective coatings with boron nitride, titanium boron nitride, and diamond-like carbon have significantly improved drill performance and durability. In particular, boron nitride-coated drills have performed within safe bone temperature limits for 50 drillings even when no cooling is applied. Titanium aluminium nitride coated drills did not show any improvement over commercially obtained stainless steel drills. Surface modification using heat- and wear-resistant coatings is an easy and highly effective way to improve implant drill performance and durability, which can improve the surgical procedure and the postsurgical healing period. The noteworthy success of different types of coatings is novel and likely to be applicable to various other medical systems.
牙种植体钻孔程序是种植手术的关键步骤，钻孔过程中骨组织产生的摩擦热是影响种植成功的关键因素。本研究旨在通过使用耐热耐磨保护涂层来降低牙种植体钻孔程序引起的牙槽骨温度，从而延长牙种植体钻头的使用寿命并提高其性能。通过磁控溅射沉积法，在市售不锈钢钻头上分别涂覆氮化钛铝、类金刚石碳、氮化钛硼和氮化硼涂层。在模拟临床操作的条件下，对牛股骨皮质骨进行钻孔。分别在水辅助冷却条件和无冷却条件下进行测试。将涂覆钻头的性能和耐用性与三种常用的市售钻头（表面材质分别为氧化锆、黑金刚石和不锈钢）进行比较。氮化硼、氮化钛硼和类金刚石碳保护涂层显著提高了钻头的性能和耐用性。特别是，即使在无冷却的情况下，氮化硼涂层钻头在50次钻孔过程中也能将骨组织温度控制在安全范围内。氮化钛铝涂层钻头相比市售不锈钢钻头未表现出任何性能提升。使用耐热耐磨涂层进行表面改性是提高种植体钻头性能和耐用性的一种简便且高效的方法，这有助于改善手术过程及术后愈合期。不同类型涂层所取得的显著成功具有创新性，并且可能适用于各种其他医疗系统。
