Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Postdoctoral Fellow at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2890 Woodbridge Ave., MS-104, Edison, NJ, 08837, United States.
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, 2890 Woodbridge Ave., MS-104, Edison, NJ, 08837, United States.
Water Res. 2018 Jun 1;136:41-53. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.02.050. Epub 2018 Feb 21.
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency constructed a 4000-m parking lot in Edison, New Jersey in 2009. The parking lot is surfaced with three permeable pavements [permeable interlocking concrete pavers (PICP), pervious concrete (PC), and porous asphalt (PA)]. Samples of each permeable pavement infiltrate, surface runoff from traditional asphalt, and rainwater were analyzed in duplicate for 22 metals (total and dissolved) for 6 years. In more than 99% of the samples, the concentration of barium, chromium, copper, manganese, nickel and zinc, and in 60%-90% of the samples, the concentration of arsenic, cadmium, lead, and antimony in infiltrates from all three permeable pavements met both the groundwater effluent limitations (GEL) and maximum contaminant levels (MCL). The concentration of aluminum (50%) and iron (93%) in PICP infiltrates samples exceed the GELs; however, the concentration in more than 90% samples PA and PC infiltrates met the GELs. No measurable difference in metal concentrations was found from the five sources for arsenic, cadmium, lead, antimony, and tin. Large concentrations of eleven metals, including manganese, copper, aluminum, iron, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, silica, strontium and vanadium, were detected in surface runoff than the rainwater. Chromium, copper, manganese, nickel, aluminum, zinc, iron and magnesium concentrations in PICP infiltrates; calcium, barium, and strontium concentrations in PA infiltrates; sodium, potassium and vanadium concentrations in PC infiltrates were statistically larger than the other two permeable pavement infiltrates.
美国环保署于 2009 年在新泽西州爱迪生市建造了一个 4000 米长的停车场。停车场的表面铺有三种透水性铺面[透水联锁混凝土铺面（PICP）、透水混凝土（PC）和多孔沥青（PA）]。对每种透水面层的渗透物、传统沥青表面径流和雨水进行了 6 年、22 种金属（总金属和溶解金属）的重复分析。在超过 99%的样本中，所有三种透水面层渗透物中的钡、铬、铜、锰、镍和锌的浓度，以及 60%-90%的样本中砷、镉、铅和锑的浓度均符合地下水排放标准（GEL）和最大污染物水平（MCL）。PICP 渗透物样本中铝（50%）和铁（93%）的浓度超过 GEL；然而，超过 90%的 PA 和 PC 渗透物样本的浓度符合 GEL。砷、镉、铅、锑和锡五种来源的金属浓度没有可测量的差异。在表面径流中检测到十一种金属的浓度明显高于雨水，包括锰、铜、铝、铁、钙、镁、钠、钾、硅、锶和钒。PICP 渗透物中的铬、铜、锰、镍、铝、锌、铁和镁浓度；PA 渗透物中的钙、钡和锶浓度；PC 渗透物中的钠、钾和钒浓度均明显大于其他两种透水面层渗透物。
