Uno Shigeyuki, Tanaka Torahiko, Ashiba Hiroki, Fujimaki Makoto, Tanaka Mutsuo, Hatta Yoshihiro, Takei Masami, Awazu Koichi, Makishima Makoto
Division of Biochemistry, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan.
Electronics and Photonics Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan.
J Biosci Bioeng. 2018 Jul;126(1):131-137. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2018.01.019. Epub 2018 Feb 28.
Portable, on-site blood typing methods will help provide life-saving blood transfusions to patients during an emergency or natural calamity, such as significant earthquakes. We have previously developed waveguide-mode (WM) sensors for forward ABO and Rh(D) blood typing and detection of antibodies against hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus. In this study, we evaluated a WM-sensor for reverse ABO blood typing. Since reverse ABO blood typing is a method for detection of antibodies against type A and type B oligosaccharide antigens on the surface of red blood cells (RBCs), we fixed a synthetic type A or type B trisaccharide antigen on the sensor chip of the WM sensor. We obtained significant changes in the reflectance spectra from a WM sensor on type A antigen with type B plasma and type O plasma and on type B antigen with type A plasma and type O plasma, and no spectrum changes on type A antigen or type B antigen with type AB plasma. Signal enhancement with the addition of a peroxidase reaction failed to increase the sensitivity for detection on oligosaccharide chips. By utilizing hemagglutination detection using regent type A and type B RBCs, we successfully determined reverse ABO blood groups with higher sensitivity compared to a method using oligosaccharide antigens. Thus, functionality of a portable device utilizing a WM sensor can be expanded to include reverse ABO blood typing and, in combination with forward ABO typing and antivirus antibody detection, may be useful for on-site blood testing in emergency settings.
便携式现场血型鉴定方法将有助于在紧急情况或自然灾害（如重大地震）期间为患者提供挽救生命的输血。我们之前已经开发了用于正向ABO和Rh(D)血型鉴定以及检测抗乙型肝炎病毒和丙型肝炎病毒抗体的波导模式（WM）传感器。在本研究中，我们评估了一种用于反向ABO血型鉴定的WM传感器。由于反向ABO血型鉴定是一种检测红细胞（RBC）表面抗A和抗B寡糖抗原抗体的方法，我们在WM传感器的芯片上固定了合成的A或B三糖抗原。我们观察到，在A型抗原上加入B型血浆和O型血浆以及在B型抗原上加入A型血浆和O型血浆时，WM传感器的反射光谱有显著变化，而在AB型血浆存在下，A型抗原或B型抗原的光谱无变化。添加过氧化物酶反应进行信号增强未能提高寡糖芯片检测的灵敏度。通过利用试剂A型和B型红细胞进行血凝检测，我们成功地以比使用寡糖抗原的方法更高的灵敏度确定了反向ABO血型。因此，利用WM传感器的便携式设备的功能可以扩展到包括反向ABO血型鉴定，并且与正向ABO血型鉴定和抗病毒抗体检测相结合，可能有助于在紧急情况下进行现场血液检测。
