Department of Soil Science, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 8415683111, Iran.
Environ Monit Assess. 2018 Mar 6;190(4):192. doi: 10.1007/s10661-018-6557-y.
The most important properties affecting the soil loss and runoff were investigated, and the effects of land use on the soil properties, together with the erodibility indices in a semiarid zone, central Iran, were evaluated. The locations of 100 positions were acquired by cLHS and 0-5-cm surface soil layer samples were used for laboratory analyses from the Borujen Region, Chaharmahal-Va-Bakhtiari Province, central Iran. To measure in situ runoff and soil erodibility of three different land uses comprising dryland, irrigated farming, and rangeland, a portable rainfall simulator was used. The results showed that the high variations (coefficient of variation, CV) were obtained for electrical conductivity (EC), mean weight diameter (MWD), soil organic carbon (SOC), and soil erodibility indices including runoff volume, soil loss, and sediment concentration (CV ~ 43.6-77.4%). Soil erodibility indices showed positive and significant correlations with bulk density and negative correlations with SOC, MWD, clay content, and soil shear strength in the area under investigation. The values of runoff in the dryland, irrigated farming, and rangeland were found 1.5, 28.9, and 58.7 cm; soil loss in the dryland, irrigated farming, and rangeland were observed 0.25, 2.96, and 76.8 g; and the amount of sediment concentration in the dryland, irrigated farming, and rangeland were found 0.01, 0.11, and 0.15 g cm. It is suggested that further investigations should be carried out on soil erodibility and the potential of sediment yield in various land uses with varying topography and soil properties in semiarid regions of Iran facing the high risk of soil loss.
本研究旨在调查影响土壤流失和径流量的最重要性质，并评估伊朗中部半干旱地区土地利用对土壤性质和可蚀性指数的影响。通过聚类分层随机采样法（cLHS）获取了 100 个位置的坐标，并从伊朗恰哈马哈勒-巴赫蒂亚里省博鲁詹地区采集了 0-5 厘米表层土壤样本用于实验室分析。为了测量旱地、灌溉农田和牧场三种不同土地利用方式的原位径流量和土壤可蚀性，使用了便携式降雨模拟器。结果表明，电导率（EC）、平均重量直径（MWD）、土壤有机碳（SOC）和土壤可蚀性指数（包括径流量、土壤流失和泥沙浓度）的变异系数（CV）较高，范围在 43.6-77.4%。SOC、MWD、粘粒含量和土壤抗剪强度与土壤可蚀性指数呈负相关，与土壤容重呈正相关。研究区旱地、灌溉农田和牧场的径流量分别为 1.5、28.9 和 58.7cm；旱地、灌溉农田和牧场的土壤流失量分别为 0.25、2.96 和 76.8g；旱地、灌溉农田和牧场的泥沙浓度分别为 0.01、0.11 和 0.15g·cm。建议在伊朗半干旱地区面临严重土壤流失风险的情况下，对不同土地利用方式的土壤可蚀性和泥沙产量潜力进行进一步研究，特别是在具有不同地形和土壤性质的地区。
