DuBose Jennifer, MacAllister Lorissa, Hadi Khatereh, Sakallaris Bonnie
1 Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
2 Enviah, Grand Rapids, MI, USA.
HERD. 2018 Jan;11(1):43-56. doi: 10.1177/1937586716680567. Epub 2016 Dec 18.
Evidence-based design (EBD) research has demonstrated the power of environmental design to support improved patient, family, and staff outcomes and to minimize or avoid harm in healthcare settings. While healthcare has primarily focused on fixing the body, there is a growing recognition that our healthcare system could do more by promoting overall wellness, and this requires expanding the focus to healing. This article explores how we can extend what we know from EBD about health impacts of spatial design to the more elusive goal of healing. By breaking the concept of healing into antecedent components (emotional, psychological, social, behavioral, and functional), this review of the literature presents the existing evidence to identify how healthcare spaces can foster healing. The environmental variables found to directly affect or facilitate one or more dimension of healing were organized into six groups of variables-homelike environment, access to views and nature, light, noise control, barrier-free environment, and room layout. While there is limited scientific research confirming design solutions for creating healing spaces, the literature search revealed relationships that provide a basis for a draft definition. Healing spaces evoke a sense of cohesion of the mind, body, and spirit. They support healing intention and foster healing relationships.
循证设计（EBD）研究已经证明了环境设计在支持改善患者、家属和医护人员的治疗效果以及在医疗环境中减少或避免伤害方面的作用。虽然医疗保健主要侧重于修复身体，但人们越来越认识到，我们的医疗系统可以通过促进整体健康来做更多的事情，而这需要将重点扩展到治愈。本文探讨了我们如何将从循证设计中了解到的空间设计对健康的影响，扩展到更难以捉摸的治愈目标。通过将治愈的概念分解为先前的组成部分（情感、心理、社会、行为和功能），本文献综述展示了现有证据，以确定医疗空间如何促进治愈。发现直接影响或促进治愈的一个或多个维度的环境变量被组织成六组变量——家庭般的环境、景观和自然接触、光线、噪音控制、无障碍环境和房间布局。虽然证实创建治愈空间的设计解决方案的科学研究有限，但文献检索揭示了一些关系，为一个初步定义提供了基础。治愈空间唤起一种身心和精神的凝聚力。它们支持治愈的意愿，并促进治愈关系。
