Abd-Elkareem Mahmoud, Abou Khalil Nasser S, Sayed Alaa H
Anatomy, Histology and Embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
Fish Physiol Biochem. 2018 Jun;44(3):969-981. doi: 10.1007/s10695-018-0485-1. Epub 2018 Mar 7.
4-Nonylphenol (NP) toxicity in fish attracts much attention due to its ability in targeting several organs; however, the researches regarding its potential hepatotoxicity are conflicting and still require further investigation. Therefore, the objective of this study is to focus on this issue from the histophysiological point of view using NP intoxicated African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) as a model of hepatotoxicity. Twelve adult fish (6 per group) were divided into two groups; the first was considered as a control and the second was exposed to NP dissolved in water at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg BW for 3 weeks. A significant reduction in the hepatic alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase levels was observed in NP-exposed fish. Concerning the oxidant/antioxidant balance, a significant depletion in superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase was found along with a significant elevation in total peroxide and malondialdhyde. The histopathological examination of the hepatic tissues revealed that NP had marked hepatotoxic effects including hepatitis, centrilobular and focal hydropic and fatty degeneration, fatty change (steatosis), hepatic coagulative necrosis, and nuclear alterations in addition to apoptosis of hepatocytes and necrosis of endothelial cells. Depletion of the glycogen and increased in pigments (lipofuscin and hemosiderin) content in the hepatocytes were also recorded. Hemosiderosis and proliferation of the connective tissue around the blood vessels and branches of bile ducts and in the portal areas were also observed. In light of these findings, it was concluded that NP has a well-defined hepatotoxic impact paving the road towards other studies to investigate other detrimental cyto-physiological influences of this aquatic pollutant.
4-壬基酚（NP）对鱼类的毒性因其能够靶向多个器官而备受关注；然而，关于其潜在肝毒性的研究结果相互矛盾，仍需进一步调查。因此，本研究的目的是从组织生理学角度，以NP中毒的非洲鲶鱼（Clarias gariepinus）作为肝毒性模型来关注这一问题。将12条成年鱼（每组6条）分为两组；第一组作为对照组，第二组暴露于溶解在水中的NP，剂量为0.1毫克/千克体重，持续3周。在暴露于NP的鱼中观察到肝丙氨酸转氨酶、天冬氨酸转氨酶和乳酸脱氢酶水平显著降低。关于氧化/抗氧化平衡，发现超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶显著减少，同时总过氧化物和丙二醛显著升高。肝组织的组织病理学检查显示，NP具有明显的肝毒性作用，包括肝炎、小叶中心和局灶性水样变性和脂肪变性、脂肪变化（脂肪变性）、肝凝固性坏死和核改变，此外还有肝细胞凋亡和内皮细胞坏死。还记录到肝细胞中糖原减少和色素（脂褐素和含铁血黄素）含量增加。还观察到血管和胆管分支周围以及门静脉区域结缔组织的含铁血黄素沉着和增生。根据这些发现，得出结论，NP具有明确的肝毒性影响，为其他研究调查这种水生污染物的其他有害细胞生理影响铺平了道路。
