Renkema Justin M, Iglesias Lindsy E, Bonneau Phanie, Liburd Oscar E
Gulf Coast Research and Education Center, University of Florida, Balm, FL, USA.
Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Pest Manag Sci. 2018 Mar 8. doi: 10.1002/ps.4904.
Drosophila suzukii (Matsumura) is a major fruit pest in temperate regions worldwide, but in subtropical Florida, winter-grown strawberries have not been severely affected. Zaprionus indianus Gupta is another invasive drosophilid species and a pest of some tropical fruits. To improve monitoring, trapping systems for D. suzukii and Z. indianus were tested. Morphology, ovarian status and the suitability and availability of non-crop hosts as possible D. suzukii population-limiting factors were assessed.
Traps with commercial attractants captured more D. suzukii but fewer Z. indianus than those with a homemade mixture. In central and northern Florida, < 10% and 30-80% of D. suzukii, respectively, exhibited darker, winter morph coloration, and 55-75% of females from central Florida were carrying mature and/or immature eggs. Adult D. suzukii were reared from fruits of two of 28 potential hosts: elderberry (Sambucus nigra) and nightshade (Solanum americanum). Nightshade, but not elderberry, was common on field perimeters (21 and six of 36 fields, respectively). Traps placed in wooded or partially wooded field edges yielded the most D. suzukii.
Florida strawberry is at risk of D. suzukii infestation, as flies were captured throughout the growing season. However, fly captures remained relatively low, peaking at 1.5 flies per trap per day. In central Florida, the low availability and suitability of non-crop hosts likely limit population growth. The finding of few flies in northern Florida may additionally be attributable to a greater proportion of flies displaying winter morph coloration than in central Florida. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
铃木果蝇（Matsumura）是全球温带地区的主要水果害虫，但在亚热带的佛罗里达州，冬季种植的草莓并未受到严重影响。印地安果蝇（Gupta）是另一种入侵性果蝇物种，也是一些热带水果的害虫。为了改进监测方法，对铃木果蝇和印地安果蝇的诱捕系统进行了测试。评估了形态学、卵巢状态以及非作物寄主作为可能限制铃木果蝇种群数量的因素的适宜性和可用性。
与使用自制混合物的诱捕器相比，使用商业引诱剂的诱捕器捕获的铃木果蝇更多，但捕获的印地安果蝇更少。在佛罗里达州中部和北部，分别有不到10%和30 - 80%的铃木果蝇呈现出较深的冬季形态颜色，来自佛罗里达州中部的雌性果蝇中有55 - 75%携带成熟和/或未成熟的卵。从28种潜在寄主中的两种果实上饲养出了成年铃木果蝇：接骨木（黑接骨木）和龙葵（美洲茄）。龙葵在田间边缘很常见，但接骨木不常见（分别在36块田地中的21块和6块中出现）。放置在树木繁茂或部分树木繁茂的田边的诱捕器捕获的铃木果蝇最多。
佛罗里达州的草莓有遭受铃木果蝇侵害的风险，因为在整个生长季节都捕获到了果蝇。然而，捕获的果蝇数量仍然相对较低，每天每个诱捕器捕获的果蝇数量峰值为1.5只。在佛罗里达州中部，非作物寄主的低可用性和适宜性可能限制了种群增长。在佛罗里达州北部捕获到的果蝇数量较少，这一发现可能还归因于与佛罗里达州中部相比，呈现冬季形态颜色的果蝇比例更高。© 2018化学工业协会。
