McDermott Lauri-Anne, Murphy Marie H, McNeilly Andrea M, Rankin Jane P, Gracey Jackie H
Centre for Health and Rehabilitation Technologies, Institute of Nursing and Health Research, Ulster University, Belfast, Northern Ireland.
Sport and Exercise Science Research Institute, Ulster University, Belfast, Northern Ireland.
J Cancer Res Ther. 2018 Jan-Mar;14(2):267-277. doi: 10.4103/0973-1482.191036.
The number of people living with and beyond cancer is at an all time high. These survivors are not necessarily living well, as adverse side effects from cancer and its treatment can last up to 5 years and leave patients at a higher risk of developing secondary cancers and other chronic illnesses. Exercise has been proven to be a safe and effective method of intervention to decrease mortality and overall improve health outcomes. The biological mechanism through which this occurs is an area of research that is in its infancy and not well defined. A systematic search was conducted of four databases for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published between January 2004 and December 2014. Studies had to include any blood/urine biological markers as an outcome measure to a physical activity intervention for cancer survivors posttreatment. Fifteen relevant articles were identified (12 RCTs). It was shown that randomized controlled trials of exercise for cancer survivors posttreatment may results in changes to circulating levels of insulin, insulin related pathways (insulin like growth factor II [IGF II], IGF binding protein 3), high density lipoprotein, total cholesterol, leptin, and osteocalcin. Due to small sample sizes, the evidence is still preliminary and therefore more research is warranted in this area in the form of larger, statistically powered RCTs for cancer survivors.
癌症患者及其康复者的数量达到了历史最高水平。这些幸存者的生活状况未必良好，因为癌症及其治疗产生的不良副作用可能持续长达5年，使患者患继发性癌症和其他慢性疾病的风险更高。运动已被证明是一种安全有效的干预方法，可降低死亡率并全面改善健康状况。运动产生这种效果的生物学机制尚处于研究初期，尚无明确界定。我们对四个数据库进行了系统检索，查找2004年1月至2014年12月期间发表的相关随机对照试验（RCT）。研究必须将任何血液/尿液生物学标志物作为癌症幸存者治疗后体力活动干预的一项结果指标。共识别出15篇相关文章（12项RCT）。结果表明，针对癌症幸存者治疗后进行运动的随机对照试验可能会导致胰岛素、胰岛素相关途径（胰岛素样生长因子II [IGF II]、IGF结合蛋白3）、高密度脂蛋白、总胆固醇、瘦素和骨钙素的循环水平发生变化。由于样本量较小，证据仍然初步，因此有必要在该领域开展更多研究，以针对癌症幸存者开展规模更大、具备统计学效力的RCT。
