EASSA Study Group, CEESA, 168 Av. de Tervueren, B-1150 Brussels, Belgium; Bayer Animal Health GmbH, Leverkusen, Germany.
EASSA Study Group, CEESA, 168 Av. de Tervueren, B-1150 Brussels, Belgium; Elanco Animal Health, Basingstoke, UK.
Vet Microbiol. 2018 Mar;216:168-175. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2018.02.010. Epub 2018 Feb 10.
The European Antimicrobial Susceptibility Surveillance in Animals (EASSA) program collects zoonotic and commensal bacteria from food-producing animals at slaughter and tracks their susceptibility to medically important antibiotics. Results of commensal enterococci species (2013-2014) are presented here. Intestinal content from cattle, pigs and chickens were randomly sampled (5-6 countries/host; ≥4 abattoirs/country; 1 sample/animal/farm) for isolation of enterococci, MICs of 9 antibiotics were assessed by CLSI agar dilution in a central laboratory. Clinical breakpoints (CLSI) and epidemiological cut-off values (EUCAST) were applied for data interpretation. In total 960 Enterococcus faecium and 779 Enterococcus faecalis strains were recovered. Seven porcine E. faecium/faecalis strains of Spanish origin were resistant to linezolid. One avian E. faecalis and one porcine E. faecium strain were non-wild type (MICs 8 mg/L) to daptomycin. Clinical vancomycin resistance was absent; 2 poultry E. faecium and 1 bovine E. faecalis strains were non-wild type, all with MICs of 8 mg/L. None of the strains tested were clinically resistant to tigecycline. Little clinical resistance to ampicillin or gentamicin was observed. Clinical resistance of E. faecium to quinupristin/dalfopristin was slightly higher (2.2-12.0%) but 61.9-83.2% of the strains were classified as non-wild type. Very high percentages resistance to tetracycline (67.4-78.3%) and to erythromycin (27.1-57.0%) were noted for both E. faecium and E. faecalis in pigs and chickens compared to cattle (5.2-30.4 and 9.0-10.4%, respectively). Similar non-wild type results were observed for E. hirae (n = 557), E. durans (n = 218) and E. casseliflavus (n = 55) including percentage non-wild type for daptomycin, linezolid, tigecycline being absent and for vancomycin low. For these species percentage non-wild type to erythromycin was lower as compared to E. faecalis/faecium. This pan-EU survey shows high variability in antibiotic susceptibility of commensal enterococci from healthy food animals. Clinical resistance to critically important antibiotics for human medicine was absent or low, except for erythromycin.
欧洲动物抗菌敏感性监测(EASSA)计划从生产食品的动物屠宰时采集共生菌和肠道菌,并追踪它们对重要医学抗生素的敏感性。本文呈现了共生肠球菌物种(2013-2014 年)的结果。从牛、猪和鸡的肠道内容物中随机取样(5-6 个国家/宿主;每个国家≥4 个屠宰场;每个动物/农场 1 个样本),以分离肠球菌,在一个中央实验室使用 CLSI 琼脂稀释法评估 9 种抗生素的 MIC。采用临床折点(CLSI)和流行病学折点值(EUCAST)进行数据分析。共分离出 960 株屎肠球菌和 779 株粪肠球菌。7 株来自西班牙的猪源屎肠球菌/粪肠球菌对利奈唑胺耐药。1 株禽源屎肠球菌和 1 株猪源屎肠球菌对达托霉素呈非野生型(MIC8mg/L)。临床万古霉素耐药不存在;2 株禽源屎肠球菌和 1 株牛源粪肠球菌为非野生型,MICs 均为 8mg/L。未发现对替加环素临床耐药的菌株。氨苄西林和庆大霉素的临床耐药性较低。屎肠球菌对喹奴普汀/达福普汀的临床耐药性略高(2.2-12.0%),但 61.9-83.2%的菌株被归类为非野生型。与牛相比,猪和鸡中屎肠球菌和粪肠球菌对四环素(67.4-78.3%)和红霉素(27.1-57.0%)的耐药率非常高。同样,在屎肠球菌、耐久肠球菌和脆弱拟杆菌中也观察到类似的非野生型结果(n=557、n=218 和 n=55),包括达托霉素、利奈唑胺、替加环素无临床耐药和万古霉素低耐药的非野生型率。与粪肠球菌相比,这些物种对红霉素的非野生型率较低。这项泛欧调查显示,来自健康食用动物的共生肠球菌对抗生素的敏感性存在很大差异。除了红霉素外,对人类医学至关重要的抗生素的临床耐药性不存在或很低。