Risco David, Bravo María, Martínez Remigio, Torres Almudena, Gonçalves Pilar, Cuesta Jesús, García-Jiménez Waldo, Cerrato Rosario, Iglesias Rocío, Galapero Javier, Serrano Emmanuel, Gómez Luis, Fernández-Llario Pedro, Hermoso de Mendoza Javier
Innovación en Gestión y Conservación de Ungulados S.L., Calle San Pedro de Alcántara nº 12 Portal 5 5ºR, Cáceres, Spain.
Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain.
Ecohealth. 2018 Jun;15(2):388-395. doi: 10.1007/s10393-018-1321-x. Epub 2018 Mar 9.
Tuberculosis (TB) in wild boar (Sus scrofa) may be affected by coinfections with other pathogens, such as porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2). Therefore, sanitary measures focused on controlling PCV2 could be useful in reducing the impact of TB in this wild suid. The aim of this study was to explore whether vaccination against PCV2 targeting young animals affects TB prevalence and TB severity in wild boar. The study was conducted on a game estate in mid-western Spain. Seventy animals of ages ranging from 4 to 8 months were captured, individually identified, vaccinated against PCV2 and released, forming a vaccinated group. Not-captured animals cohabiting with the vaccinated wild boar constituted the control group. Animals from both groups were hunted between 2013 and 2016 and a TB diagnosis based on pathological assessment and microbiological culture was made in all of them. The effect of PCV2 vaccination on TB prevalence and severity was explored using generalized lineal models. Whereas TB prevalence was similar in vaccinated and control groups (54.55 vs. 57.78%), vaccinated animals showed less probabilities to develop generalized TB lesions. Furthermore, mean TB severity score was significantly lower in vaccinated animals (1.55 vs. 2.42) suggesting a positive effect of PCV2 vaccination.
野猪（Sus scrofa）的结核病（TB）可能会受到与其他病原体共感染的影响，例如猪圆环病毒2型（PCV2）。因此，侧重于控制PCV2的卫生措施可能有助于降低结核病对这种野生猪科动物的影响。本研究的目的是探讨针对幼龄动物的PCV2疫苗接种是否会影响野猪的结核病患病率和结核病严重程度。该研究在西班牙中西部的一个狩猎场进行。捕获了70只年龄在4至8个月之间的动物，对其进行个体识别，接种PCV2疫苗后放归，形成一个接种疫苗组。与接种疫苗的野猪共同生活的未捕获动物构成对照组。在2013年至2016年期间对两组动物进行狩猎，并对所有动物进行基于病理评估和微生物培养的结核病诊断。使用广义线性模型探讨PCV2疫苗接种对结核病患病率和严重程度的影响。虽然接种疫苗组和对照组的结核病患病率相似（54.55%对57.78%），但接种疫苗的动物发生全身性结核病变的可能性较小。此外，接种疫苗的动物的平均结核病严重程度评分显著较低（1.55对2.42），表明PCV2疫苗接种具有积极效果。
