Lopez Katherine C, Luby Joan L, Belden Andy C, Barch Deanna M
Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Department of Psychiatry, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA.
Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci. 2018 Apr;18(2):232-248. doi: 10.3758/s13415-018-0564-x.
Recent interest has emerged in understanding the neural mechanisms by which deficits in emotion regulation (ER) early in development may relate to later depression. Corticolimbic alterations reported in emotion dysregulation and depression may be one possible link. We examined the relationships between emotion dysregulation in school age, corticolimbic resting-state functional connectivity (rs-FC) in preadolescence, and depressive symptoms in adolescence. Participants were 143 children from a longitudinal preschool onset depression study who completed the Children Sadness Management Scale (CSMS; measuring ER), Child Depression Inventory (CDI-C; measuring depressive symptoms), and two resting-state MRI scans. Rs-FC between four primary regions of interest (ROIs; bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex [dlPFC] and amygdala) and six target ROIs thought to contribute to ER were examined. Findings showed that ER in school age did not predict depressive symptoms in adolescence, but did predict preadolescent increases in dlPFC-insula and dlPFC-ventromedial PFC rs-FC across diagnosis, as well as increased dlPFC-dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) rs-FC in children with a history of depression. Of these profiles, only dlPFC-dACC rs-FC in preadolescence predicted depressive symptoms in adolescence. However, dlPFC-dACC connectivity did not mediate the relationship between ER in school age and depressive symptoms in adolescence. Despite the absence of a direct relationship between ER and depressive symptoms and no significant rs-FC mediation, the rs-FC profiles predicted by ER are consistent with the hypothesis that emotion dysregulation is associated with abnormalities in top-down control functions. The extent to which these relationships might confer greater risk for later depression, however, remains unclear.
最近，人们开始关注理解发育早期情绪调节（ER）缺陷与后期抑郁症之间的神经机制。情绪调节障碍和抑郁症中报告的皮质边缘改变可能是一个潜在联系。我们研究了学龄期情绪调节障碍、青春期前皮质边缘静息态功能连接（rs-FC）与青少年抑郁症状之间的关系。参与者是143名来自一项纵向学龄前抑郁症研究的儿童，他们完成了儿童悲伤管理量表（CSMS；测量情绪调节）、儿童抑郁量表（CDI-C；测量抑郁症状）以及两次静息态MRI扫描。我们检查了四个主要感兴趣区域（ROI；双侧背外侧前额叶皮质[dlPFC]和杏仁核）与六个被认为对情绪调节有作用的目标ROI之间的rs-FC。研究结果表明，学龄期的情绪调节并不能预测青少年的抑郁症状，但能预测青春期前跨诊断的dlPFC-脑岛和dlPFC-腹内侧前额叶皮质rs-FC增加，以及有抑郁症病史儿童的dlPFC-背侧前扣带回皮质（dACC）rs-FC增加。在这些特征中，只有青春期前的dlPFC-dACC rs-FC能预测青少年的抑郁症状。然而，dlPFC-dACC连接并未介导学龄期情绪调节与青少年抑郁症状之间的关系。尽管情绪调节与抑郁症状之间没有直接关系，且rs-FC没有显著的中介作用，但情绪调节所预测的rs-FC特征与情绪调节障碍与自上而下控制功能异常相关的假设一致。然而，这些关系在多大程度上可能会增加后期患抑郁症的风险仍不清楚。
