State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
Chem Soc Rev. 2018 May 8;47(9):3129-3151. doi: 10.1039/c7cs00887b.
Two-dimensional atomic crystals (2DACs) have attracted intense recent interest. With a nearly perfect crystalline structure and dangling-bond free surface, these atomically thin materials have emerged as a new material platform for fundamental materials science and diverse technology opportunities at the limit of single atom thickness. Over the past decade, a wide range of 2DACs has been prepared by mechanically exfoliating bulk layered crystals, which has fueled the rapid progress of the entire field in terms of fundamental physics and basic device demonstrations. However, studies to date are largely limited to mechanically exfoliated flakes, which are clearly not scalable for practical applications. The chemical synthesis of these materials has been lagging far behind fundamental property investigations or novel device demonstrations, which limits further progress of the field. To explore the full potential of 2DACs requires a robust synthesis of these atomically thin materials and scalable construction of complex heterostructures with designed spatial modulation of chemical compositions and electronic structures. The extreme aspect ratio and highly delicate nature of the atomically thin crystals pose a significant synthetic challenge beyond traditional bulk crystals and have motivated considerable efforts worldwide. Here we will review the recent advances, challenges and future perspective of the chemical synthesis of 2DACs, heterostructures and superlattices.
二维原子晶体（2DACs）引起了人们的浓厚兴趣。这些原子级薄的材料具有近乎完美的晶体结构和悬空键自由表面，是基础材料科学和在单原子厚度极限下具有各种技术机会的新兴材料平台。在过去的十年中，通过机械剥落体层晶体已经制备了广泛的 2DACs，这在基础物理和基本器件演示方面推动了整个领域的快速发展。然而，迄今为止的研究主要限于机械剥落的薄片，这显然不适用于实际应用。这些材料的化学合成远远落后于基础性质研究或新型器件演示，这限制了该领域的进一步发展。要探索 2DACs 的全部潜力，需要对这些原子级薄的材料进行稳健的合成，并可扩展地构建具有设计的化学成分和电子结构空间调制的复杂异质结构。原子级薄晶体的极端纵横比和高度脆弱性质超出了传统体晶体的合成挑战范围，并激发了全球范围内的大量努力。在这里，我们将综述 2DACs、异质结构和超晶格的化学合成的最新进展、挑战和未来展望。
