Li Jia, Yang Xiangdong, Zhang Zhengwei, Yang Weiyou, Duan Xidong, Duan Xiangfeng
Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Two-Dimensional Materials, State Key Laboratory for Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, China.
Institute of Micro/Nano Materials and Devices, Ningbo University of Technology, Ningbo, China.
Nat Mater. 2024 Oct;23(10):1326-1338. doi: 10.1038/s41563-024-01989-8. Epub 2024 Sep 3.
Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides, which feature atomically thin geometry and dangling-bond-free surfaces, have attracted intense interest for diverse technology applications, including ultra-miniaturized transistors towards the subnanometre scale. A straightforward exfoliation-and-restacking approach has been widely used for nearly arbitrary assembly of diverse two-dimensional (2D) heterostructures, superlattices and moiré superlattices, providing a versatile materials platform for fundamental investigations of exotic physical phenomena and proof-of-concept device demonstrations. While this approach has contributed importantly to the recent flourishing of 2D materials research, it is clearly unsuitable for practical technologies. Capturing the full potential of 2D transition metal dichalcogenides requires robust and scalable synthesis of these atomically thin materials and their heterostructures with designable spatial modulation of chemical compositions and electronic structures. The extreme aspect ratio, lack of intrinsic substrate and highly delicate nature of the atomically thin crystals present fundamental difficulties in material synthesis. Here we summarize the key challenges, highlight current advances and outline opportunities in the scalable synthesis of transition metal dichalcogenide-based heterostructures, superlattices and moiré superlattices.
二维过渡金属二硫属化物具有原子级薄的几何结构和无悬键表面，在包括亚纳米级超小型晶体管在内的多种技术应用中引起了广泛关注。一种直接的剥离和重新堆叠方法已被广泛用于几乎任意组装各种二维（2D）异质结构、超晶格和莫尔超晶格，为研究奇异物理现象和进行概念验证器件演示提供了一个通用的材料平台。虽然这种方法对二维材料研究最近的蓬勃发展做出了重要贡献，但显然不适用于实际技术。要充分发挥二维过渡金属二硫属化物的潜力，需要对这些原子级薄的材料及其异质结构进行稳健且可扩展的合成，并对其化学成分和电子结构进行可设计的空间调制。原子级薄晶体的极端纵横比、缺乏内在衬底以及高度脆弱的性质给材料合成带来了根本性困难。在这里，我们总结了关键挑战，突出了当前的进展，并概述了基于过渡金属二硫属化物的异质结构、超晶格和莫尔超晶格可扩展合成中的机遇。
