El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR) , Carretera Antiguo Aeropuerto km 2.5 , Tapachula , 30700 Chiapas México.
J Agric Food Chem. 2018 May 30;66(21):5275-5280. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b04875. Epub 2018 Mar 22.
Coffee ( Coffea arabica and C. canephora) is one of the most widely traded agricultural commodities and the main cash crop in ∼80 tropical countries. Among the factors that limit coffee production, the coffee berry borer, Hypothenemus hampei (Ferrari) has been considered the main insect pest, causing losses of over U.S. $500 million dollars annually. Control of this pest has been hindered by two main factors: the cryptic nature of the insect (i.e., protected inside the coffee berry) and the availability of coffee berries in the field allowing the survival of the pest from one generation to the next. Coffee berry borer control has primarily been based on the use of synthetic insecticides. Management strategies have focused on the use of African parasitoids ( Cephalonomia stephanoderis, Prorops nasuta, and Phymastichus coffea), fungal entomopathogens ( Beauveria bassiana), and insect traps. These approaches have had mixed results. Recent work on the basic biology of the insect has provided novel insights that might be useful in developing novel pest management strategies. For example, the discovery of symbiotic bacteria responsible for caffeine breakdown as part of the coffee berry borer microbiome opens new possibilities for pest management via the disruption of these bacteria. Some chemicals with repellent propieties have been identified, and these have a high potential for field implementation. Finally, the publication of the CBB genome has provided insights on the biology of the insect that will help us to understand why it has been so successful at exploiting the coffee plant. Here I discuss the tools we now have against the CBB and likely control strategies that may be useful in the near future.
咖啡（Arabica 和 Canephora 咖啡）是交易量最大的农产品之一，也是 80 个热带国家的主要经济作物。在限制咖啡生产的因素中，咖啡果蛀虫 Hypothenemus hampei（Ferrari）被认为是主要的虫害，每年造成的损失超过 5 亿美元。这种害虫的控制受到两个主要因素的阻碍：昆虫的隐蔽性（即在咖啡浆果内受到保护）和田间咖啡浆果的存在，这使得害虫能够从一代生存到下一代。咖啡果蛀虫的防治主要基于使用合成杀虫剂。管理策略侧重于利用非洲寄生蜂（Cephalonomia stephanoderis、Prorops nasuta 和 Phymastichus coffea）、真菌昆虫病原物（Beauveria bassiana）和昆虫诱捕器。这些方法的效果喜忧参半。最近对昆虫基础生物学的研究提供了新的见解，这些见解可能有助于开发新的害虫管理策略。例如，发现负责咖啡因分解的共生细菌是咖啡果蛀虫微生物组的一部分，这为通过破坏这些细菌来进行害虫管理提供了新的可能性。已经确定了一些具有驱虫特性的化学物质，这些物质具有很高的田间实施潜力。最后，CBB 基因组的发表为昆虫生物学提供了新的认识，这将帮助我们理解为什么它在利用咖啡植物方面如此成功。在这里，我讨论了我们现在拥有的针对 CBB 的工具以及可能在不久的将来有用的控制策略。
