Department of Entomology, National Coffee Research Center, Cenicafé, Manizales, Colombia.
Department of Biometrics, National Coffee Research Center,, Cenicafé, Manizales, Colombia.
J Chem Ecol. 2020 Sep;46(9):881-890. doi: 10.1007/s10886-020-01202-5. Epub 2020 Aug 17.
The coffee berry borer (CBB) is one of the main coffee pests in the world including Colombia. This pest is difficult to manage because of its cryptic habits and the continuous availability of coffee fruits. Among the new management strategies being tested is the use of volatile compounds as insect repellents. In this work, the behavioral response of female adult CBBs to terpenes previously identified in the CBB-repellent plant species Lantana camara was evaluated. α-Terpinene, (R)-limonene, farnesene and β-caryophyllene terpenes were tested via a Y-tube olfactometer in which ripe coffee fruits were accompanied by terpenes at concentrations between 25 and 200 ppm. Only β-caryophyllene induced a significant and consistent CBB repellent effect at all tested doses. The protective effect of microencapsulated β-caryophyllene was then determined under laboratory conditions by incorporating the terpene in a colloidosome-gel system at 2.8 × 10 ng/h in the middle of coffee fruits with adult CBBs. The coffee fruits in turn presented a decrease in fruit infestation. Furthermore, the protection of coffee fruits when β-caryophyllene gels were hung in coffee trees was evaluated in the field; infestations were artificially induced by the use of raisins (CBB-infested old coffee fruits) placed on the ground. Compared with unprotected trees, the trees treated with caryophyllene gels exhibited a 33 to 45% lower degree of infestation. Taken together, the results show that β-caryophyllene is a promising compound for an integrated pest management (IPM) program in commercial coffee plantations.
咖啡浆果象甲（CBB）是世界上包括哥伦比亚在内的主要咖啡害虫之一。由于其隐蔽的习性和不断供应的咖啡果实，这种害虫很难管理。正在测试的新管理策略之一是使用挥发性化合物作为昆虫驱避剂。在这项工作中，评估了雌性成虫 CBB 对先前在驱避植物物种马缨丹中鉴定出的萜烯的行为反应。通过 Y 型管嗅觉计测试了 α-萜品烯、(R)-柠檬烯、法呢烯和 β-石竹烯萜烯，其中成熟的咖啡果实伴随着萜烯，浓度在 25 到 200 ppm 之间。只有 β-石竹烯在所有测试剂量下都能引起显著且一致的 CBB 驱避作用。然后，通过在胶体囊-凝胶系统中以 2.8×10 ng/h 的浓度将萜烯掺入咖啡果实中间，在实验室条件下确定了微胶囊化 β-石竹烯的保护作用，其中有成年 CBB。反过来，咖啡果实的果实感染也有所减少。此外，还评估了将 β-石竹烯凝胶挂在咖啡树上时对咖啡果实的保护作用；通过将葡萄干（受 CBB 感染的旧咖啡果实）放在地上来人为诱导果实感染。与未受保护的树木相比，用 Caryophyllene 凝胶处理的树木的感染程度降低了 33%至 45%。总之，这些结果表明 β-石竹烯是商业咖啡种植园综合虫害管理（IPM）计划中很有前途的化合物。
