School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, Italy.
Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Polytechnic University of the Marche, Ancona, Italy.
J Nutr Biochem. 2018 Jul;57:1-13. doi: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2018.01.014. Epub 2018 Feb 9.
Neurodegeneration represents a global problem due to the progressive increase in the aging population all over the world. The quality of life in aging and the cost for the health care system require actions to promote healthy aging. In this regard, several risk factors associated with the development of neurodegeneration can be identified, and programs to educate people on the key role of prevention could significantly ameliorate the future picture of the aging population. Here we describe the key role of the pre- and postnatal period of life during the first 1000 days of life, focusing on the importance of nutrition and a healthy lifestyle of mother and offspring for the prevention of neurodegeneration later in life. Environmental risk factors (i.e., nutrition, stress, xenobiotics, alcohol, drugs, smoking, etc.) mediate the genetic and epigenetic signature of offspring which may have long-term effects on the onset of neurodegeneration.
神经退行性变是一个全球性问题，因为全世界的人口老龄化呈渐进式增长。老龄化人口的生活质量和医疗保健系统的成本需要采取行动来促进健康老龄化。在这方面，可以确定与神经退行性变发展相关的几个风险因素，开展教育人们认识预防关键作用的计划可以显著改善老龄化人口的未来图景。在这里，我们描述了生命最初 1000 天的产前和产后期间的关键作用，重点关注母亲和后代的营养和健康生活方式对预防以后生活中的神经退行性变的重要性。环境风险因素（即营养、压力、外源性化学物质、酒精、药物、吸烟等）调节后代的遗传和表观遗传特征，这可能对神经退行性变的发病产生长期影响。
