Wutich Amber, Budds Jessica, Eichelberger Laura, Geere Jo, Harris Leila, Horney Jennifer, Jepson Wendy, Norman Emma, O'Reilly Kathleen, Pearson Amber, Shah Sameer, Shinn Jamie, Simpson Karen, Staddon Chad, Stoler Justin, Teodoro Manuel P, Young Sera
School of Human Evolution & Social Change and Center for Global Health, Arizona State University.
School of International Development, University of East Anglia.
Water Secur. 2017 Nov;2:1-10. doi: 10.1016/j.wasec.2017.09.001. Epub 2017 Nov 16.
Household water insecurity has serious implications for the health, livelihoods and wellbeing of people around the world. Existing methods to assess the state of household water insecurity focus largely on water quality, quantity or adequacy, source or reliability, and affordability. These methods have significant advantages in terms of their simplicity and comparability, but are widely recognized to oversimplify and underestimate the global burden of household water insecurity. In contrast, a broader definition of household water insecurity should include entitlements and human capabilities, sociocultural dynamics, and political institutions and processes. This paper proposes a mix of qualitative and quantitative methods that can be widely adopted across cultural, geographic, and demographic contexts to assess hard-to-measure dimensions of household water insecurity. In doing so, it critically evaluates existing methods for assessing household water insecurity and suggests ways in which methodological innovations advance a broader definition of household water insecurity.
家庭用水不安全对世界各地人们的健康、生计和福祉有着严重影响。现有的评估家庭用水不安全状况的方法主要侧重于水质、水量或充足性、水源或可靠性以及可承受性。这些方法在简单性和可比性方面具有显著优势，但人们普遍认为它们过于简化并低估了家庭用水不安全的全球负担。相比之下，对家庭用水不安全更广泛的定义应包括权利和人类能力、社会文化动态以及政治制度和进程。本文提出了一种定性和定量方法相结合的方式，这种方式可在各种文化、地理和人口背景下广泛采用，以评估家庭用水不安全难以衡量的方面。在此过程中，本文批判性地评估了现有的评估家庭用水不安全的方法，并提出了方法创新如何推动对家庭用水不安全更广泛定义的方式。
