a Department of Family & Community Medicine , Center for Integrative Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine , Baltimore , Maryland , USA.
b Charm City Research Group, University of Maryland St. Joseph Medical Center , Towson , Maryland , USA.
J Am Coll Nutr. 2018 May-Jun;37(4):342-349. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2018.1427158. Epub 2018 Mar 13.
Iron deficiency is the most common nutrient deficiency in the world. While deficiency can often be resolved through dietary supplementation with iron, adverse events are common and frequently preclude compliance. The objective of this study was to determine whether a food-derived dietary supplement containing a low dose of iron and nutrients that increase iron absorption could resolve iron deficiency with fewer adverse events than reported at higher doses.
A pilot clinical trial (NCT02683369) was conducted among premenopausal women with nonanemic iron deficiency that was verified by blood screening. Participants consumed a dietary supplement (Blood Builder®/Iron Response®) once daily for 8 weeks containing 26 mg of iron, vitamin C, folate, and other food-derived nutrients. Primary outcomes were markers of iron status (serum ferritin, hemoglobin, soluble transferrin receptor, total body iron stores) and secondary outcomes were self-reported fatigue and energy. All outcomes were assessed at baseline and 8 weeks. Adverse events were monitored with questionnaires, daily diaries, and contact with a physician. Dependent samples t test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used to analyze outcomes.
Twenty-three participants enrolled in the study. Iron deficiency was resolved in the sample (mean serum ferritin: baseline = 13.9 μg/L, 8 weeks = 21.1 μg/L, p < 0.001). All other markers of iron status, fatigue, and energy also improved during the study (p < 0.04). No adverse events were reported.
While larger and controlled studies are needed to confirm these findings, a food-derived dietary supplement with a low dose of iron and absorption-enhancing nutrients resolved iron deficiency and improved all other markers of iron status without any adverse events.
铁缺乏是世界上最常见的营养缺乏症。虽然通过饮食补充铁通常可以解决缺铁问题，但不良反应很常见，且常常导致无法遵医嘱。本研究旨在确定一种含有低剂量铁和增加铁吸收的营养素的食物源膳食补充剂是否可以在较少不良反应的情况下解决缺铁问题，其剂量低于既往报道的高剂量。
一项在非贫血缺铁的绝经前妇女中进行的试点临床试验（NCT02683369），通过血液筛查来验证缺铁情况。参与者每日口服一次膳食补充剂（Blood Builder®/Iron Response®），连续 8 周，补充 26mg 铁、维生素 C、叶酸和其他食物源营养素。主要结局指标是铁状态标志物（血清铁蛋白、血红蛋白、可溶性转铁蛋白受体、全身铁储存量），次要结局指标是自我报告的疲劳和能量。所有结局指标均在基线和 8 周时进行评估。通过问卷、日常日记和与医生联系来监测不良反应。采用 t 检验和 Wilcoxon 符号秩检验对结局指标进行分析。
23 名参与者入组该研究。样本中缺铁情况得到解决（平均血清铁蛋白：基线=13.9μg/L，8 周=21.1μg/L，p<0.001）。其他所有铁状态标志物、疲劳和能量也在研究期间得到改善（p<0.04）。没有报告不良反应。
虽然需要更大规模和对照研究来证实这些发现，但低剂量铁和吸收增强营养素的食物源膳食补充剂可解决缺铁问题，并改善所有其他铁状态标志物，且无任何不良反应。
