Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, Cubo 15D, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy.
Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, Cubo 15D, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy; SIRiA S.r.l. - Servizi Integrati e Ricerche per l'Ambiente, Spin-off of the University of Calabria, c/o Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technologies, Via P. Bucci, Cubo 15D, 87036, Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy.
Chemosphere. 2018 Jun;201:530-539. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.03.044. Epub 2018 Mar 7.
Remediation of water bodies from petroleum hydrocarbons is of the utmost importance due to health risks related to the high toxicity, mutagenicity and carcinogenicity of the hydrocarbons components that may enter into the food chain. Though several methods were proposed to face up this challenge, they are generally not easily feasible at a contaminated site and quite costly. Here we propose a green, cost-effective technology based on hydrophobized Spanish Broom (SB) cellulose fiber. The natural cellulose fiber was extracted by alkaline digestion of the raw vegetable. The hydrophilic cellulose surface was transformed into a hydrophobic one by the reaction with 4,4'-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) forming a very stable urethane linkage with the hydroxyl groups of cellulose emerging from the fibers surface. Chemical functionalization was performed with a novel solvent-free technology based on a home-made still reactor were the fiber was kept under vortex stirring and the MDI reactant then spread onto the fiber surface by nebulizing it in form of micrometer-sized droplets. The functionalized fiber, characterized by means of WCA measurements, XPS and ATR-FTIR spectroscopy, shows fast adsorption kinetics adsorption capacity as high as 220 mg/g, among the highest ever reported so far in the literature for cellulosic materials.
由于石油碳氢化合物成分的高毒性、致突变性和致癌性可能进入食物链，对健康造成风险，因此修复水体中的石油碳氢化合物至关重要。尽管已经提出了几种方法来应对这一挑战，但它们在污染现场通常不容易实施，而且成本相当高。在这里，我们提出了一种基于疏水性西班牙金雀花（SB）纤维素纤维的绿色、经济高效的技术。天然纤维素纤维通过对原料蔬菜进行碱性消化提取。亲水性纤维素表面通过与 4,4'-二苯甲烷二异氰酸酯（MDI）反应转化为疏水性表面，与纤维表面露出的纤维素羟基形成非常稳定的氨基甲酸酯键。化学官能化是通过一种基于自制蒸馏器的新型无溶剂技术进行的，纤维在蒸馏器中保持涡旋搅拌，MDI 反应物通过将其雾化成微米级的液滴形式散布在纤维表面上。功能化纤维通过 WCA 测量、XPS 和 ATR-FTIR 光谱进行了表征，显示出快速的吸附动力学和高达 220mg/g 的吸附容量，这是迄今为止文献中报道的纤维素材料中最高的之一。
