Laboratório de Bioprodutos e Síntese, Programa de Mestrado Territórios e Expressões Culturais do Cerrado (Teccer), Campus Anápolis de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas-Henrique Santillo, Universidade Estadual de Goiás, BR 153 nº 3.105, Fazenda Barreiro do Meio, Anápolis 75132-903, Goiás, Brazil.
Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Trab. São-Carlense, 400-Parque Arnold Schimidt, São Carlos-SP, São Carlos 13566-590, Brazil.
Molecules. 2018 Mar 13;23(3):651. doi: 10.3390/molecules23030651.
Microwave-assisted extraction of volatile oils (MAE) potentially offers a more efficient and bio-sustainable method than conventional extraction by Clevenger apparatus (CE). This study aimed to optimise the MAE of the volatile oil from fruits and characterise the volatile compounds. A 2³ full-factorial central composite design and response surface methodology were used to evaluate the effects of time (min), moisture (%) and microwave power (W) on the extraction yield. The process optimisation was based on the desirability function approach. The reaction time and moisture conditions were standardised in these analyses. The volatile oil composition was analysed by Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) in order to compare techniques extractions influences. Microwave irradiation showed excellent performance for extraction of the volatile oil from and there were some advantages in compare to conventional method with respect to the time (14 times), energy (6 times), reagents amounts and waste formation. About chemical composition presents significant differences with the type of extraction. Caryophyllene (25.65%) and -α-bisabolol (6.24%) were identified as major components in MAE sample while caryophyllene (6.75%) and γ-elemene (7.02%) are the components with higher relative percentage in CE samples. The microwaves assisted process shown an increase of economic interested compounds present in volatile oil.
微波辅助提取挥发性油（MAE）比传统的 Clevenger 仪器提取（CE）更有效率和更具生物可持续性。本研究旨在优化从果实中提取挥发性油的 MAE，并对挥发性化合物进行特征分析。采用 2³ 全因子中心复合设计和响应面法，评估时间（min）、水分（%）和微波功率（W）对提取产率的影响。该过程优化基于理想函数方法。在这些分析中，对反应时间和水分条件进行了标准化。通过气相色谱/质谱（GC/MS）分析挥发性油的组成，以比较不同提取技术的影响。微波辐射对提取具有出色的性能，与传统方法相比，在时间（14 倍）、能源（6 倍）、试剂用量和废物形成方面具有一些优势。关于化学成分，与提取类型存在显著差异。在 MAE 样品中鉴定出石竹烯（25.65%）和-α-倍半水芹醇（6.24%）为主要成分，而在 CE 样品中，石竹烯（6.75%）和γ-榄香烯（7.02%）是相对百分比较高的成分。微波辅助过程显示出挥发性油中具有经济利益的化合物含量增加。
