IRCCS, SDN, Via E. Gianturco 113, 80143, Naples, Italy.
Department of Precision Medicine, Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Vico L. De Crecchio 7, 80138, Naples, Italy.
Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2018 May;98:65-74. doi: 10.1016/j.biocel.2018.03.004. Epub 2018 Mar 10.
In recent years, anti-tumor immunotherapy has shown promising results, and immune-oncology is now emerging as the fourth major wave in the treatment of tumors after radiotherapy, chemotherapy and molecular targeted therapy. Understanding the impact of the immune system on neoplastic cells is crucial to improve its effectiveness against cancer. The stratification of patients who might benefit from immunotherapy as well as the personalization of medicine have contributed to the discovery of new immunotherapeutic targets and molecules. In the present review, we discuss the mechanistic role of histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) as potential immunomodulating agents to treat cancer. Our current understanding of the use of HDACi in combination with various immunotherapeutic approaches, such as immunomodulating agents and cancer vaccines, is also addressed. The potential clinical applications of the growing number of novel epigenetic drugs for cancer immunotherapy are widening, and some of these therapies are already in clinical trials.
近年来，抗肿瘤免疫疗法显示出了可喜的效果，免疫肿瘤学正在成为继放疗、化疗和分子靶向治疗之后肿瘤治疗的第四大浪潮。了解免疫系统对肿瘤细胞的影响对于提高其抗癌效果至关重要。免疫疗法受益患者的分层和药物的个性化也促进了新的免疫治疗靶点和分子的发现。在本综述中，我们讨论了组蛋白去乙酰化酶抑制剂 (HDACi) 作为潜在的免疫调节药物治疗癌症的作用机制。我们还讨论了 HDACi 与各种免疫治疗方法（如免疫调节剂和癌症疫苗）联合使用的当前认识。越来越多的新型表观遗传药物在癌症免疫治疗中的潜在临床应用正在扩大，其中一些疗法已经在临床试验中。
