Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles.
Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA.
Curr Opin Pediatr. 2018 Jun;30(3):424-429. doi: 10.1097/MOP.0000000000000630.
The purpose of this review is to briefly summarize the notable structures and pathways in intestinal epithelial growth before presenting the current main areas of active research in intestinal regeneration. As a rapidly advancing field, a number of breakthroughs have recently been made related to the culture of intestinal stem cells (ISCs) and to the engineering of intestinal tissue.
ISCs can be derived from fibroblasts and can be cultured in hydrogels under xenogeneic-free conditions. Intestinal organoids can be cultured with neural crest cells to form small intestinal tissues with neuromuscular networks. Endoluminal devices can be placed inside the native intestine to exert mechanical force to induce novel tissue growth.
A number of recent advances in the field of intestinal regeneration are encouraging and suggest that novel therapies for a wide range of intestinal disorders may be developed in the near future. There are still a number of obstacles before such stem cell therapies can be safely used in humans.
本篇综述旨在简要总结肠上皮生长过程中的显著结构和途径，然后介绍目前肠再生领域的主要研究热点。作为一个迅速发展的领域，最近在肠干细胞（ISC）培养和肠组织工程方面取得了多项突破。
ISC 可由成纤维细胞衍生而来，并可在无异种细胞的水凝胶中培养。肠类器官可与神经嵴细胞共培养，形成具有神经肌肉网络的小肠组织。腔内装置可置于天然肠内以施加机械力，诱导新组织生长。
肠再生领域的一些最新进展令人鼓舞，表明在不久的将来可能会开发出针对多种肠道疾病的新型治疗方法。在这些干细胞疗法能够安全地应用于人体之前，仍有许多障碍需要克服。
