Sharma Manoj Kumar, Palanichamy Thamil Selvan
Clinical Psychology, SHUT Clinic, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Indian J Psychiatry. 2018 Feb;60(Suppl 4):S541-S545. doi: 10.4103/psychiatry.IndianJPsychiatry_40_18.
Increase in the use of technology has led to an increase in various kinds of technological addictions. A range of psychological and behavioural theories has been proposed to explain technology addictions. These include learning theories, reward-deficiency hypothesis, impulsivity, cognitive-behavioural models and social skills deficiency theories. While no particular form of psychological intervention has been suggested as being the golden standard for its treatment, the most frequently investigated approaches have been cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) and motivational enhancement therapy. Given the need for the use of technology in daily living, controlled use has taken precedence over complete abstinence as the goal of treatment for technology addictions. Therapeutic techniques suggested for internet addiction include practicing the opposite, using external stoppers, setting goals, selective abstinence from certain applications, using cues, making personal inventories, joining support groups and family therapy interventions.
技术使用的增加导致了各种技术成瘾现象的增多。人们提出了一系列心理和行为理论来解释技术成瘾。这些理论包括学习理论、奖励缺乏假说、冲动性、认知行为模型和社交技能缺陷理论。虽然没有一种特定的心理干预形式被认为是治疗技术成瘾的黄金标准，但最常被研究的方法是认知行为疗法（CBT）和动机增强疗法。鉴于日常生活中对技术使用的需求，控制使用已优先于完全戒除，成为技术成瘾治疗的目标。针对网络成瘾建议的治疗技术包括反向练习、使用外部阻断器、设定目标、有选择地戒除某些应用程序、利用提示、制作个人清单、加入支持小组和进行家庭治疗干预。
