Cicone Zackary S, Sinelnikov Oleg A, Esco Michael R
1 The University of Alabama.
Pediatr Exerc Sci. 2018 Nov 1;30(4):495-499. doi: 10.1123/pes.2017-0281. Epub 2018 Mar 15.
The purpose of this study was to compare the differences between measured (MHR) and predicted (MHR) maximal heart rate (MHR) in youth athletes.
In total, 30 male soccer players [14.6 (0.6) y] volunteered to participate in this study. MHR was determined via maximal-effort graded exercise test. Age-predicted MHR (MHR) was calculated for each participant using equations by Fox, Tanaka, Shargal, and Nikolaidis. Mean differences were compared using Friedman's 2-way analysis of variance and post hoc pairwise comparisons. Agreement between MHR and MHR values was calculated using the Bland-Altman method.
There were no significant differences between MHR and MHR from the Fox (P = .777) and Nikolaidis (P = .037) equations. The Tanaka and Shargal equations significantly underestimated MHR (P < .001). All 4 equations produced 95% limits of agreement of ±15.0 beats per minute around the constant error.
The results show that the Fox and Nikolaidis equations produced the smallest mean difference in predicting MHR. However, the wide limits of agreement suggests that none of the equations adequately account for individual variability in MHR. Practitioners should avoid applying these equations in youth athletes and utilize a lab or field testing protocol to obtain MHR.
本研究旨在比较青年运动员实测最大心率（MHR）与预测最大心率之间的差异。
共有30名男性足球运动员[14.6（0.6）岁]自愿参与本研究。通过最大负荷分级运动试验确定MHR。使用Fox、田中、沙尔加尔和尼科莱迪斯的公式为每位参与者计算年龄预测最大心率（MHR）。使用弗里德曼双向方差分析和事后两两比较来比较平均差异。使用布兰德-奥特曼方法计算MHR和MHR值之间的一致性。
Fox公式（P = 0.777）和尼科莱迪斯公式（P = 0.037）得出的MHR与MHR之间无显著差异。田中和沙尔加尔公式显著低估了MHR（P < 0.001）。所有4个公式在恒定误差周围产生的95%一致性界限为每分钟±15.0次心跳。
结果表明，Fox公式和尼科莱迪斯公式在预测MHR时产生的平均差异最小。然而，较宽的一致性界限表明，没有一个公式能充分考虑MHR的个体变异性。从业者应避免在青年运动员中应用这些公式，而应采用实验室或现场测试方案来获取MHR。
