Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.
Rev Paul Pediatr. 2023 Mar 3;41:e2021397. doi: 10.1590/1984-0462/2023/41/2021397. eCollection 2023.
The aim of this study was to analyze which equation best estimates maximal heart rate (HRmax) for the pediatric population according to body mass.
We performed a meta-analysis (PROSPERO No. CRD42020190196) of cross-sectional studies that aimed to validate or develop HRmax equations and that had children and adolescents as samples. The search was conducted in Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science, PubMed, and Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde with the descriptors "prediction or equation," "maximal heart rate," "maximum heart rate," "determination of heart rate," children, and adolescent. The TRIPOD Statement tool was used to assess the methodological quality and the relevant data were extracted for analysis. The meta-analysis was conducted in the Comprehensive Meta-Analysis, adopting p<0.05 and a 95% confidence interval (CI).
In total, 11 studies were selected, of which 3 developed predictive equations, 10 performed external validity of the preexisting models, and 1 incremented values related to equations already developed. The results of the methodological quality analysis showed a moderate rating in most studies. The 164 + (0.270 × HRres) - (0.155 × body mass) + (1.1 × METs) + (0.258 × body fat percent) (r=0.500, 95%CI 0.426-0.567, p<0.001) and 166.7+ (0.46 × HRres) + (1.16 × maturation) (r=0.540, 95%CI 0.313-0.708, p<0.001) equations presented stronger correlations with measured HRmax in nonobese adolescents. The predictive model developed by 208 - (0.7 × age) showed a greater accuracy among the possible models for analysis (SDM=-0.183, 95%CI -0.787 to -0.422, p=0.554). No specific predictive equation was found for obese adolescents.
Future research should explore new possibilities for developing predictive equations for this population as a tool to control exercise intensity in the therapeutic management of childhood and adolescent obesity.
本研究旨在分析根据体重估算儿科人群最大心率（HRmax）的最佳方程。
我们对旨在验证或开发 HRmax 方程的横断面研究进行了荟萃分析（PROSPERO 编号 CRD42020190196），这些研究的样本为儿童和青少年。在 Scopus、Science Direct、Web of Science、PubMed 和 Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde 中使用了“预测或方程”、“最大心率”、“最大心率”、“心率测定”、“儿童”和“青少年”等术语进行搜索。使用 TRIPOD 声明工具评估方法学质量，并提取相关数据进行分析。荟萃分析在 Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 中进行，采用 p<0.05 和 95%置信区间（CI）。
共选择了 11 项研究，其中 3 项研究开发了预测方程，10 项研究对现有模型进行了外部有效性验证，1 项研究增加了已开发方程的相关值。方法学质量分析结果显示，大多数研究的评分中等。164 +（0.270×HRres）-（0.155×体重）+（1.1×METs）+（0.258×体脂百分比）（r=0.500，95%CI 0.426-0.567，p<0.001）和 166.7+（0.46×HRres）+（1.16×成熟度）（r=0.540，95%CI 0.313-0.708，p<0.001）方程在非肥胖青少年中与实测 HRmax 相关性更强。在可能的分析模型中，由 208-（0.7×年龄）得出的预测模型具有更高的准确性（SDM=-0.183，95%CI -0.787 至-0.422，p=0.554）。未发现针对肥胖青少年的特定预测方程。
未来的研究应探索为该人群开发预测方程的新可能性，作为控制儿童和青少年肥胖症治疗管理中运动强度的工具。
