Defosse T A, Le Govic Y, Courdavault V, Clastre M, Vandeputte P, Chabasse D, Bouchara J-P, Giglioli-Guivarc'h N, Papon N
Groupe d'étude des interactions Hôte-Pathogène (EA 3142), SFR interactions cellulaires et applications thérapeutiques, université d'Angers, 49933 Angers, France; EA 2106, université de Tours, biomolécules et biotechnologies végétales, Tours, France.
Groupe d'étude des interactions Hôte-Pathogène (EA 3142), SFR interactions cellulaires et applications thérapeutiques, université d'Angers, 49933 Angers, France; Laboratoire de parasitologie - mycologie, centre hospitalier universitaire d'Angers, Angers, France.
J Mycol Med. 2018 Jun;28(2):257-268. doi: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2018.02.009. Epub 2018 Mar 13.
Among the subdivision of Saccharomycotina (ascomycetes budding yeasts), the CTG clade (formerly the Candida clade) includes species that display a particular genetic code. In these yeasts, the CTG codon is predominantly translated as a serine instead of a leucine residue. It is now well-known that some CTG clade species have a major impact on human and its activities. Some of them are recognized as opportunistic agents of fungal infections termed candidiasis. In addition, another series of species belonging to the CTG clade draws the attention of some research groups because they exhibit a strong potential in various areas of biotechnology such as biological control, bioremediation, but also in the production of valuable biocompounds (biofuel, vitamins, sweeteners, industrial enzymes). Here we provide an overview of recent advances concerning the biology, clinical relevance, and currently tested biotechnological applications of species of the CTG clade. Future directions for scientific research on these particular yeasts are also discussed.
在子囊菌酵母纲（子囊菌出芽酵母）的分类中，CTG进化枝（以前称为念珠菌进化枝）包括具有特定遗传密码的物种。在这些酵母中，CTG密码子主要被翻译为丝氨酸而非亮氨酸残基。现在众所周知，一些CTG进化枝物种对人类及其活动有重大影响。其中一些被认为是真菌感染的机会致病菌，称为念珠菌病。此外，另一系列属于CTG进化枝的物种引起了一些研究小组的关注，因为它们在生物技术的各个领域都具有强大的潜力，如生物防治、生物修复，还包括生产有价值的生物化合物（生物燃料、维生素、甜味剂、工业酶）。在此，我们概述了有关CTG进化枝物种的生物学、临床相关性以及目前正在测试的生物技术应用的最新进展。还讨论了对这些特殊酵母进行科学研究的未来方向。
