Haines Helen Mary, Cynthia Opie, Pierce David, Bourke Lisa
Department of Rural Health, Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Graham St Shepparton, Victoria, Australia 3630.
AIMS Public Health. 2017 Aug 7;4(4):402-417. doi: 10.3934/publichealth.2017.4.402. eCollection 2017.
To classify a rural community sample by their modifiable health behaviours and identify the prevalence of chronic conditions, poor self-rated health, obesity and hospital use.
Secondary analysis of a cross- sectional self-report questionnaire in the Hume region of Victoria, Australia. Cluster analysis using the two-step method was applied to responses to health behaviour items.
1,259 questionnaires were completed. Overall 63% were overweight or obese. Three groups were identified: 'Healthy Lifestyle' (63%), 'Non Smoking, Unhealthy Lifestyle' (25%) and 'Smokers' (12%). 'Healthy lifestyle' were older and more highly educated than the other two groups while 'Non Smoking, Unhealthy Lifestyle' were more likely to be obese. 'Smokers' had the highest rate of poor self-rated health. Prevalence of chronic conditions was similar in each group (>20%). 'Smokers' were twice as likely to have had two or more visits to hospital in the preceding year even after adjustment for age, gender and education.
High rates of overweight and obesity were identified but 'Smokers' were at the greatest risk for poor self-rated health and hospitalisation.
Within an environment of high rates of chronic ill health and obesity, primary care clinicians and public health policy makers must maintain their vigilance in encouraging people to quit smoking.
根据农村社区样本的可改变健康行为进行分类，并确定慢性病、自我健康评价差、肥胖及住院情况的患病率。
对澳大利亚维多利亚州休谟地区一份横断面自填式问卷进行二次分析。采用两步法进行聚类分析，以分析健康行为项目的回答情况。
共完成1259份问卷。总体而言，63%的人超重或肥胖。确定了三组：“健康生活方式组”（63%）、“不吸烟但生活方式不健康组”（25%）和“吸烟者组”（12%）。“健康生活方式组”比其他两组年龄更大、受教育程度更高，而“不吸烟但生活方式不健康组”更易肥胖。“吸烟者组”自我健康评价差的比例最高。每组慢性病患病率相似（>20%）。即使在对年龄、性别和教育程度进行调整后，“吸烟者组”上一年度住院两次或以上的可能性仍是其他组的两倍。
超重和肥胖率较高，但“吸烟者组”自我健康评价差和住院的风险最大。
在慢性病和肥胖率较高的环境下，初级保健临床医生和公共卫生政策制定者必须保持警惕，鼓励人们戒烟。
