UMR ECOSYS, INRA, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Bâtiment 6, RD 10, 78026, Versailles cedex, France.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2018 Dec;25(34):33844-33848. doi: 10.1007/s11356-018-1701-3. Epub 2018 Mar 15.
The risk assessment of pesticides on soil fauna is an issue to protect agroecosystem sustainability. Enchytraeids are recognized as relevant soil bioindicators of chemical stress in agroecosystems. In laboratory, the reproduction test was found to be sensitive to reveal chemical impacts on enchytraeids. However, it does not allow to assess the impacts on ecological functions in which enchytraeids are involved. The objectives of this study were (i) to explore the feasibility of the bait-lamina test with enchytraeids under laboratory conditions and (ii) to compare its sensitivity with the Enchytraeid Reproduction Test. We exposed individuals of Enchytraeus albidus to two commercial formulations of fungicides widely used in Europe. The EC50 reproduction for the Swing Gold (50 g L epoxiconazole and 133 g L dimoxystrobin) and the Cuprafor micro (50% copper oxychloride) were respectively estimated at 1.66 ± 0.93 times the recommended dose and > 496 mg kg of copper. However, no impact was found on the feeding activity of enchytraeids. The bait-lamina test thus appeared less sensitive than the Enchytraeid Reproduction Test to the tested fungicides. Despite that, this test which is achievable under laboratory conditions and allows assessing indirect effects of pesticides is quick, cheap, and easy to perform. It would deserve to be used to explore longer-exposure effects through the repeated addition of bait-lamina sticks.
评估农药对土壤无脊椎动物的风险是保护农业生态系统可持续性的一个问题。环节动物被认为是农业生态系统中化学胁迫的相关土壤生物指标。在实验室中,繁殖试验被发现对揭示化学物质对环节动物的影响很敏感。然而,它不能评估环节动物所涉及的生态功能的影响。本研究的目的是:(i)探索在实验室条件下使用环节动物诱饵片试验的可行性;(ii)比较其与环节动物繁殖试验的敏感性。我们将白纹蚓暴露于两种在欧洲广泛使用的商业杀菌剂制剂中。Swing Gold(50 g L 环丙唑醇和 133 g L 肟菌酯)和 Cuprafor micro(50%氧化亚铜)的 EC50 繁殖分别估计为推荐剂量的 1.66 ± 0.93 倍和 >496 mg kg 的铜。然而,这两种杀菌剂对环节动物的摄食活动没有影响。因此,与环节动物繁殖试验相比,诱饵片试验对测试的杀菌剂的敏感性较低。尽管如此,这种在实验室条件下可行的试验可以评估农药的间接影响,它快速、廉价且易于操作。它应该被用于通过重复添加诱饵片来探索更长时间的暴露效应。