Biologische Bundesanstalt für Land- und Forstwirtschaft (BBA), Abteilung für Pflanzenschutzmittel und Anwendungstechnik, Fachgruppe Biologische Mittelprüfung, Messeweg 11/12, D-38104, Braunschweig, Germany.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 1998;5(1):55-60. doi: 10.1007/BF02986376.
This paper outlines the state-of-the-art in discussing tests with functional endpoints for the soil compartment for regulatory purposes. In spite of the fact that organic matter decomposition is one of the most important functions in the soil ecosystem, this process has not been the subject of a test requirement for risk assessment of plant protection products until very recently. Since EU Directive 91/414/EEC concerning the placing of plant protection products on the market requires in its Annex III, point 10.6.2 (entitled "Effects on other soil, non-target macro-organisms"), the evaluation of effects on organic matter breakdown, there is an urgent need to fulfil this requirement. The use of functional endpoints in terrestrial model ecosystems is also under discussion in the framework of the notification process for chemicals. Four potential methods (bait-lamina-test, litterbag test, minicontainer test, cotton-strip assay) taken from ecological literature are briefly reviewed and evaluated in this paper using several defined criteria regarding their usefulness for registration purposes. In this context, areas for further research are identified. The insecticide Dimilin (a.i. diflubenzuron) is used as an example to show how such a test improves risk assessment. Therefore, it is strongly recommended that a guidance paper describing the main principles of at least one test method on organic matter decomposition should be written in order to realise the EU requirement.
本文概述了在讨论具有监管目的的土壤部分功能终点测试方面的最新进展。尽管有机物质分解是土壤生态系统中最重要的功能之一，但直到最近，该过程才成为植物保护产品风险评估测试要求的主题。由于欧盟指令 91/414/EEC 关于植物保护产品的投放市场，在其附件 III 第 10.6.2 点（题为“对其他土壤、非目标大型生物的影响”）中要求评估对有机物质分解的影响，因此迫切需要满足这一要求。在化学品通知程序框架内，也在讨论在陆地模型生态系统中使用功能终点。本文从生态文献中简要回顾和评估了四个潜在的方法（诱饵层测试、垃圾袋测试、微型容器测试、棉带测定），并使用几个关于其对注册目的有用性的定义标准进行了评估。在这方面，确定了进一步研究的领域。杀虫剂 Dimilin（有效成分除虫脲）被用作示例，以展示此类测试如何改善风险评估。因此，强烈建议编写一份指导文件，描述至少一种关于有机物质分解的测试方法的主要原则，以实现欧盟的要求。
