National Lab of Auto Performance and Emission Test, School of Mechanical and Vehicular Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing, Beijing 100081, China.
National Lab of Auto Performance and Emission Test, School of Mechanical and Vehicular Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing, Beijing 100081, China.
J Environ Sci (China). 2018 Mar;65:83-91. doi: 10.1016/j.jes.2017.02.020. Epub 2017 Mar 28.
Maritime transport has been playing a decisive role in global trade. Its contribution to the air pollution of the sea and coastal areas has been widely recognized. The air pollutant emission inventories of several harbors in China have already been established. However, the emission factors of local ships have not been addressed comprehensively, and thus are lacking from the emission inventories. In this study, on-board emission tests of eight diesel-powered offshore fishing ships were conducted near the coastal region of the northern Yellow Bo Sea fishing ground of Dalian, China. Results show that large amounts of fine particles (<0.5μm, 90%) were found in maneuvering mode, which were about five times higher than those during cruise mode. Emission rates as well as emission factors based on both distance and fuel were determined during the cruise and maneuvering modes (including departure and arrival). Average emission rates and distance-based emission factors of CO, HC and PM were much higher during the maneuvering mode as compared with the cruise mode. However, the average emission rate of Nitrous Oxide (NO) was higher during the cruise mode as compared with the maneuvering modes. On the contrary, the average distance-based emission factors of NO were lower during the cruise mode relative to the maneuvering mode due to the low sailing speed of the latter.
海上运输在全球贸易中一直发挥着决定性的作用。其对海洋和沿海地区的空气污染的贡献已得到广泛认可。中国的几个港口的空气污染物排放清单已经建立。然而，当地船舶的排放因子尚未得到全面解决，因此排放清单中缺乏这些因子。在这项研究中，在中国大连北部黄海渔场的沿海地区，对八艘柴油动力近海渔船进行了船上排放测试。结果表明，在机动模式下发现了大量的细颗粒（<0.5μm，90%），比巡航模式下高约五倍。在巡航和机动模式（包括出发和到达）下确定了排放率和基于距离和燃料的排放因子。与巡航模式相比，CO、HC 和 PM 的平均排放率和基于距离的排放因子在机动模式下要高得多。然而，与机动模式相比，NO 的平均巡航模式排放率更高。相反，由于后者的航行速度较低，NO 的平均基于距离的排放因子在巡航模式下相对较低。
