Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Denmark.
Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Denmark.
Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 2018 Apr;40:68-76. doi: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2018.03.002. Epub 2018 Mar 9.
Sensing of DNA is essential for the innate immune system to detect threats, like viruses, intracellular bacteria or cellular DNA damage. At the centre of this conserved mammalian mechanism stands the adaptor protein STING. STING is highly regulated and is part of a complex signalling network. This network depends on the sensors cGAS and IFI16 to detect misplaced DNA in the cytoplasm as well as on the kinase TBK1 and the transcription factor IRF3. The DNA sensing machinery has been implicated in many diseases, among others HIV. Here we present a comprehensive review of current status on the STING pathway with all its components and regulations related to HIV pathogenesis. By this, we try to answer the question if STING-mediated DNA sensing plays a role in HIV infections.
DNA 的感应对于先天免疫系统检测威胁（如病毒、细胞内细菌或细胞 DNA 损伤）至关重要。在这个保守的哺乳动物机制的核心是衔接蛋白 STING。STING 受到高度调节，是复杂信号网络的一部分。该网络依赖于传感器 cGAS 和 IFI16 来检测细胞质中错位的 DNA，以及激酶 TBK1 和转录因子 IRF3。DNA 感应机制与许多疾病有关，包括 HIV。在这里，我们全面回顾了 STING 途径及其所有成分的最新状态，以及与 HIV 发病机制相关的调节。通过这些，我们试图回答 STING 介导的 DNA 感应是否在 HIV 感染中发挥作用的问题。
