Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
Sci Rep. 2018 Mar 16;8(1):4686. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-22929-y.
Schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar I disorder (BD-I) share genetic risk factors and cognitive impairments, but these conditions may exhibit differences in cortical functioning associated with inhibitory control. We measured hemodynamic responses during a stop-signal task using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in 20 patients with SZ, 21 patients with BD-I and 18 healthy controls (HCs). We used stop-signal reaction time (SSRT) to estimate behavioural inhibition. Compared with HCs, patients with either SZ or BD-I exhibited significantly reduced activation in the bilateral inferior, middle and superior frontal gyri. Furthermore, patients with BD-I showed inactivation of the right superior temporal gyri compared with patients with SZ or HCs. Patients with SZ or BD-I demonstrated significant negative correlations between SSRT and hemodynamic responses of the right inferior frontal gyrus. Moreover, patients with SZ exhibited correlations in the middle and superior frontal gyri. Our findings suggest that right inferior frontal abnormalities mediate behavioural inhibition impairments in individuals with SZ or BD-I. Differential patterns of orbitofrontal or superior temporal functional abnormalities may reflect important differences in psychopathological features between these disorders.
精神分裂症（SZ）和双相情感障碍 I 型（BD-I）共享遗传风险因素和认知障碍，但这些病症可能表现出与抑制控制相关的皮质功能差异。我们使用近红外光谱（NIRS）在 20 名 SZ 患者、21 名 BD-I 患者和 18 名健康对照者（HCs）中测量了停止信号任务期间的血液动力学反应。我们使用停止信号反应时间（SSRT）来估计行为抑制。与 HCs 相比，SZ 或 BD-I 患者双侧额下回、中回和上回的激活明显减少。此外，BD-I 患者的右侧上颞叶失活与 SZ 或 HCs 患者相比。SZ 或 BD-I 患者的 SSRT 与右侧额下回的血液动力学反应之间存在显著的负相关。此外，SZ 患者在前额中回和上回存在相关性。我们的研究结果表明，右侧额下回异常介导了 SZ 或 BD-I 个体的行为抑制障碍。眶额或上颞叶功能异常的差异模式可能反映了这些疾病之间精神病理学特征的重要差异。
