Goes Adriely, Fuhrmann Gregor
Helmholtz-Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Helmholtz-Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Biogenic Nanotherapeutics group (BION) , Campus E8.1 , 66123 Saarbrücken , Germany.
Department of Pharmacy , Saarland University , Campus Building E8.1 , 66123 Saarbrücken , Germany.
ACS Infect Dis. 2018 Jun 8;4(6):881-892. doi: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.8b00030. Epub 2018 Mar 29.
Biogenic and biomimetic therapeutics are a relatively new class of systems that are of physiological origin and/or take advantage of natural pathways or aim at mimicking these to improve selective interaction with target tissue. The number of biogenic and bioengineered avenues for drug therapy and diagnostics has multiplied over the past years for many applications, indicating the high expectations associated with this biological route. Nevertheless, the use of "bio"-related approaches for treating or diagnosing infectious diseases is still rare. Given that infectious diseases, in particular bacterial resistances, are seriously on the rise, there is an urgent need to take advantage of biogenic and bioengineered systems to target these challenges. In this manuscript, we first give a definition of the various "bio" terms, including biogenic, biomimetic, bioinspired, and bioengineered and we highlight them using tangible applications in the field of infectious diseases. Our examples cover cell-derived systems, including bioengineered bacteria, virus-like particles, and different cell-mimetics. Moreover, we discuss natural and bioengineered particles such as extracellular vesicles from mammalian and bacterial sources and liposomes. A concluding section outlines the potential for biomaterial-related avenues to overcome challenges associated with difficult-to-treat infections. We critically discuss benefits and risks for these applications and give an outlook on the future of biogenic engineering.
生物源和仿生疗法是一类相对较新的体系，它们源于生理过程和/或利用自然途径，或旨在模仿这些途径以改善与靶组织的选择性相互作用。在过去几年中，用于药物治疗和诊断的生物源和生物工程途径在许多应用中成倍增加，这表明人们对这条生物学途径寄予厚望。然而，使用“生物”相关方法治疗或诊断传染病的情况仍然很少见。鉴于传染病，尤其是细菌耐药性正在严重上升，迫切需要利用生物源和生物工程体系来应对这些挑战。在本手稿中，我们首先给出各种“生物”术语的定义，包括生物源、仿生、生物启发和生物工程，并通过传染病领域的实际应用来突出这些术语。我们的例子涵盖细胞衍生体系，包括生物工程细菌、病毒样颗粒和不同的细胞模拟物。此外，我们还讨论了天然和生物工程颗粒，如来自哺乳动物和细菌来源的细胞外囊泡以及脂质体。结论部分概述了生物材料相关途径克服与难治性感染相关挑战的潜力。我们批判性地讨论了这些应用的益处和风险，并对生物源工程的未来进行了展望。
