Sheu Sarah L
Department of Dermatology, Stanford University Medical Center, California, USA.
Cutis. 2018 Feb;101(2):E7-E8.
Tranexamic acid is a procoagulant agent that is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for treatment of menorrhagia and to prevent hemorrhage in patients with hemophilia undergoing tooth extractions. Through its inhibitory effects on the plasminogen activation pathway, tranexamic acid also mitigates the UV radiation-induced pigmentation response. Systemic tranexamic acid has consistently been reported as an effective treatment of melasma, though its broad use may be limited by the risk for thromboembolism. Limited studies have investigated the efficacy of topical tranexamic acid, with or without the use of adjunctive therapies to increase uptake. This review summarizes the effects of tranexamic acid on the pathophysiology of melasma and the available evidence on the off-label treatment of melasma using systemic and topical tranexamic acid.
氨甲环酸是一种促凝血剂，已获美国食品药品监督管理局批准，用于治疗月经过多以及预防血友病患者拔牙时出血。通过对纤溶酶原激活途径的抑制作用，氨甲环酸还可减轻紫外线辐射引起的色素沉着反应。尽管全身性氨甲环酸广泛使用可能会受血栓栓塞风险限制，但一直有报道称其是治疗黄褐斑的有效方法。有限的研究调查了外用氨甲环酸的疗效，无论是否使用辅助疗法来增加其吸收。本综述总结了氨甲环酸对黄褐斑病理生理学的影响以及使用全身性和外用氨甲环酸进行黄褐斑标签外治疗的现有证据。
