纵向黑甲：发病时患者年龄与病因差异相关。

Longitudinal Melanonychia: Differences in Etiology Are Associated with Patient Age at Diagnosis.

机构信息

Department of Dermatology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.

Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.

出版信息

Dermatology. 2017;233(6):446-455. doi: 10.1159/000486701. Epub 2018 Mar 19.

DOI:10.1159/000486701

PMID:29554651

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Longitudinal melanonychia (LM) may occur as a result of nail apparatus melanoma. Knowledge of etiology plays an important role in the management of LM.

OBJECTIVES

The study is aimed to compare the diagnosis of LM in different age groups.

METHODS

We collected 63 cases (45 adults and 18 children) with LM who underwent nail matrix biopsy or excision in a 21-year cohort and assessed their clinicopathological features.

RESULTS

Melanomas in adults and children were 40% and none, while nevi accounted for 15.6% in adults and 94.4% in children. There was a statistically significant difference between the average age at diagnosis for melanoma (54.5 ± 13.3 years) and nevus (15.2 ± 18.5 years). Logistic regression related the occurrence of melanoma to older ages with a relative risk of 1.2 compared to nevus, but no cutoffs between age groups could be deﬁned between LM-associated nevus and melanoma.

CONCLUSION

The adult group has a significantly higher risk of melanoma, while children with LM show mostly nonmelanoma etiologies. Tissue proof is more warranted in adult cases, and it is needed in selected cases of children with LM.

摘要

背景

纵向黑甲（LM）可能是甲黑素瘤的结果。病因学知识在 LM 的管理中起着重要作用。

目的

本研究旨在比较不同年龄组 LM 的诊断。

方法

我们收集了 63 例（45 例成人和 18 例儿童）在 21 年队列中接受甲母质活检或切除术的 LM 患者，并评估了他们的临床病理特征。

结果

成人和儿童的黑素瘤分别为 40%和 0%，而痣在成人中占 15.6%，在儿童中占 94.4%。成人诊断时的平均年龄（54.5±13.3 岁）与儿童（15.2±18.5 岁）之间存在统计学显著差异。逻辑回归将黑素瘤的发生与较老的年龄相关联，与痣相比，相对风险为 1.2，但无法在 LM 相关痣和黑素瘤之间定义年龄组之间的截定点。