Södertörn University, School of Natural Science, Technology and Environmental Studies, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.
University of Gdańsk, Institute of Oceanography, Department of Marine Ecosystem Functioning, Laboratory of Estuarine Ecology, Gdynia, Poland.
Aquat Toxicol. 2018 May;198:240-256. doi: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.02.024. Epub 2018 Mar 1.
Anthropogenic pollution including metals, petroleum, toxins, nutrients and many others is a growing problem in the marine environment. These are important factors altering the environment and by that the fate of many local populations of marine organisms. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of selected point pollution sources on resident populations of the blue mussel (Mytilus edulis trossulus) in the Baltic Sea using multiple biomarker approach. The study used a nested sampling scheme in which sites from reference (REF) habitats are geographically paired with selected sites from sewage treatment plants (STP) and harbors (HAR). The results showed that mussels from harbors had a higher frequency of histological abnormalities in the digestive gland compared to mussels from sewage effluent affected areas and reference sites. However these mussels together with mussels from STPs had higher lipid content, body mass index (BMI) and gonado-somatic index (GSI) compared to mussels from reference sites. A marked spatial variability was found with a stronger toxicity of ambient environment affecting resident mussel populations in the Gulf of Gdańsk area, while an opposite pattern was found in Tvärminne area. Yet the blue mussels sampled in the Gulf of Gdańsk were characterized by the highest GSI and BMI values compared to Askö and Tvärminne populations. No differences in analyzed biomarker response related to species identity, measured by a species-specific genetic marker, were found indicative of strong genetic introgression in the Baltic Proper.
人为污染包括金属、石油、毒素、营养物质和许多其他物质，是海洋环境中日益严重的问题。这些都是改变环境的重要因素，从而影响了许多海洋生物的局部种群的命运。本研究旨在采用多生物标志物方法评估选定的点污染源对波罗的海贻贝（Mytilus edulis trossulus）定居种群的影响。该研究采用嵌套采样方案，其中参考（REF）栖息地的地点与来自污水处理厂（STP）和港口（HAR）的选定地点在地理上相匹配。结果表明，与受污水影响的区域和参考地点的贻贝相比，来自港口的贻贝在消化腺中具有更高频率的组织学异常。然而，与来自参考地点的贻贝相比，这些贻贝以及来自 STP 的贻贝具有更高的脂质含量、体重指数（BMI）和性腺体指数（GSI）。研究发现了明显的空间变异性，在格但斯克湾地区，周围环境的毒性对当地贻贝种群的影响更强，而在图尔库湾地区则相反。然而，与阿斯克和图尔库湾的种群相比，在格但斯克湾采样的贻贝具有最高的 GSI 和 BMI 值。在分析与物种身份相关的生物标志物反应时，未发现与物种特异性遗传标记测量相关的差异，这表明在波罗的海存在强烈的遗传渗透。
