Balvín Ondrej, Booth Warren
Department of Ecology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Czech Republic.
Department of Biological Science, The University of Tulsa, Tulsa, OK.
J Med Entomol. 2018 Jun 28;55(4):923-928. doi: 10.1093/jme/tjy023.
For over two decades, the bed bug, Cimex lectularius L. (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) has been undergoing a dramatic global resurgence, likely in part to the evolution of mechanisms conferring resistance to insecticides. One such mechanism is knock-down resistance (kdr), resulting from nonsynonymous mutations within the voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) gene. To date, three mutations have been identified in C. lectularius, V419L, L925I, and I936F. Using Sanger sequencing, the frequency and distribution of these VGSC mutations across 131 populations collected from the bat-associated and human-associated lineages of C. lectularius found in Europe are documented. All populations from the bat-associated lineage lacked mutations at the three sites. In contrast, the majority of populations associated with humans (93.5%) possessed the mutation at the L925I site. The I936F mutation, previously only reported in Israel and Australia, was found in nine populations spread across several European countries, including the Czech Republic and Switzerland. The high frequency of kdr-associated resistance already reported in C. lectularius and the occurrence and broad geographic distribution of this additional VGSC mutation, questions the continued use of pyrethroids in the treatment of infestations.
二十多年来，臭虫（温带臭虫，Cimex lectularius L.，半翅目：臭虫科）一直在全球范围内急剧复苏，这可能部分归因于其对杀虫剂产生抗性的机制的进化。其中一种机制是击倒抗性（kdr），它是由电压门控钠通道（VGSC）基因中的非同义突变引起的。迄今为止，在温带臭虫中已鉴定出三种突变，即V419L、L925I和I936F。利用桑格测序法，记录了在欧洲发现的从温带臭虫与蝙蝠相关和与人类相关的谱系中收集的131个种群中这些VGSC突变的频率和分布情况。所有与蝙蝠相关谱系的种群在这三个位点均未发生突变。相比之下，大多数与人类相关的种群（93.5%）在L925I位点发生了突变。I936F突变此前仅在以色列和澳大利亚有报道，此次在包括捷克共和国和瑞士在内的几个欧洲国家的九个种群中被发现。温带臭虫中已经报道的与kdr相关的抗性的高频率以及这种额外的VGSC突变的出现和广泛地理分布，对拟除虫菊酯在虫害防治中的持续使用提出了质疑。
