Suryanarayana Ravishankar, Chandrappa Muninarayana, Santhuram Anil Navale, Prathima S, Sheela S R
Department of Community Medicine, Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, Kolar, Karnataka, India.
Department of Pathology, Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, Kolar, Karnataka, India.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2017 Oct-Dec;6(4):739-743. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_33_17.
Anemia is one of the most common nutritional deficiency disorders affecting the pregnant women in the developing countries. Anemia during pregnancy is commonly associated with poor pregnancy outcome and can result in complications that threaten the life of both mother and fetus.
The objective of the study was to estimate the prevalence of anemia among pregnant women and to determine its association with maternal and fetal outcomes.
This study design was a prospective, observational, community-based study.
Four hundred and forty-six pregnant women were included in the study from three primary health centers in Kolar district by multistage sampling technique and were followed up till 1 week after delivery.
The data were analyzed using SPSS version 22; correlation coefficient, Chi-square test, and logistic regression were used.
There was a significant overall improvement in the hemoglobin levels of pregnant during the follow-up (10.3-10.72 gm%). About 35.6% of the women had maternal or fetal morbidity. Anemia was one of the main pregnancy-related complications (62.3%), other complications include difficult labor (3%), postpartum hemorrhage, and preeclampsia 1.6% each abortions/stillbirths (3.5%). The fetal complications include low birth weight (25.5%) followed by premature delivery (0.2%) and birth asphyxia (0.5%).
A high prevalence of anemia in pregnant women apparently increases the maternal and fetal risks. To improve maternal and fetal outcome, it is recommended that the primary health care has to be strengthened, prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment of anemia in pregnancy to be given priority.
贫血是影响发展中国家孕妇的最常见营养缺乏症之一。孕期贫血通常与不良妊娠结局相关，并可导致威胁母婴生命的并发症。
本研究的目的是估计孕妇贫血的患病率，并确定其与母婴结局的关联。
本研究设计为一项前瞻性、观察性、基于社区的研究。
采用多阶段抽样技术，从科拉尔区的三个初级卫生中心纳入446名孕妇，并随访至产后1周。
使用SPSS 22版对数据进行分析；采用相关系数、卡方检验和逻辑回归分析。
随访期间孕妇血红蛋白水平有显著总体改善（10.3 - 10.72克%）。约35.6%的妇女有母婴发病情况。贫血是主要的妊娠相关并发症之一（62.3%），其他并发症包括难产（3%）、产后出血和先兆子痫各1.6%、流产/死产（3.5%）。胎儿并发症包括低出生体重（25.5%），其次是早产（0.2%）和出生窒息（0.5%）。
孕妇贫血的高患病率显然增加了母婴风险。为改善母婴结局，建议加强初级卫生保健，优先预防、早期诊断和治疗孕期贫血。
