Department of Psychology, Palo Alto University.
Department of Psychology, University of Nevada, Reno.
Psychotherapy (Chic). 2018 Mar;55(1):63-72. doi: 10.1037/pst0000157.
Despite an overwhelming literature detailing the impact of societal bias on the well-being and relationships of gender and sexual minority clients, as well as greater rates of help-seeking from mental health professionals, recent advances in minority stress research have not been fully incorporated into clinical practice. Minority stress factors such as internalized stigma, rejection sensitivity, and concealment interfere with vulnerable and intimate relationships, and likely contribute to the transdiagnostic challenges that GSM clients report, such as loneliness and social isolation (Mereish & Poteat, 2015). Further, behavioral patterns emphasizing inauthentic self-presentation are common interpersonal styles of stigma management (Pachankis & Hatzenbuehler, 2013). Functional analytic psychotherapy is interpersonal therapy grounded in a behavior analytic approach to the therapeutic relationship, which was developed to promote generalizable change in intimate and vulnerable behaviors with meaningful others (Kohlenberg & Tsai, 1991). Functional analytic psychotherapy emphasizes the role of contingent responding by the therapist to clinically relevant behaviors, to increase vulnerable, interpersonal risks that can be responded to in a warm and compassionate way. FAP is ideal for adaptation to target the interpersonal aspects of minority stress on gender and sexual minority clients that often include histories of punishment in response to vulnerable authenticity, possibly even by past therapists (e.g., Flentje, Heck, & Cochran, 2014; Garnets, Hancock, Cochran, Goodchilds, & Peplau, 1991). (PsycINFO Database Record
尽管有大量文献详细描述了社会偏见对性别和性少数群体客户的幸福感和人际关系的影响，以及他们更倾向于向心理健康专业人员寻求帮助，但最近少数群体压力研究的进展并未完全纳入临床实践。少数群体压力因素，如内化的污名、拒绝敏感性和隐瞒，会干扰脆弱和亲密的关系，并可能导致 GSM 客户报告的跨诊断挑战，如孤独和社会隔离（Mereish & Poteat，2015）。此外，强调不真实的自我呈现的行为模式是污名管理的常见人际风格（Pachankis & Hatzenbuehler，2013）。功能分析心理疗法是一种基于行为分析方法的人际心理疗法，旨在促进与有意义的他人的亲密和脆弱行为的普遍变化（Kohlenberg & Tsai，1991）。功能分析心理疗法强调治疗师对临床相关行为的条件反应的作用，以增加脆弱的人际风险，这些风险可以以温暖和富有同情心的方式得到回应。FAP 非常适合适应目标，以解决性别和性少数群体客户的少数群体压力的人际方面，这些客户通常包括因脆弱的真实性而受到惩罚的历史，甚至可能是过去的治疗师（例如，Flentje、Heck 和 Cochran，2014；Garnets、Hancock、Cochran、Goodchilds 和 Peplau，1991）。
